Water and Electrolyte Balance
The human body is approximately this percentage of water?
What is 50% - 70%?
This is the body’s preferred energy source during moderate to high-intensity exercise?
What are carbohydrates?
This energy system provides immediate energy for activities lasting 0–20 seconds.
What is the ATP-PC (phosphagen) system?
This is the main electrolyte lost in sweat.
What is sodium (Na+)
This storage form of carbohydrate is found in muscles and liver?
What is glycogen?
This energy system predominates during high-intensity exercise lasting 10 seconds to 2 minutes.
What is the anaerobic glycolytic system?
What is ADH (antidiuretic hormone)?
This is how many kcal are provided per gram for proteins, carbohydrates, and fats.
What are 4 kcal for protein, 4 kcal for carbohydrates and 9 kcal for fats?
This energy system requires oxygen and supports long-duration activity.
What is the aerobic (oxidative) system?
This condition occurs when an athlete drinks excessive water without electrolytes?
What is hyponatremia?
This macronutrient is not stored in the body. It is performing a function and anything leftover is lost to excretion.
What is protein?
This is the byproduct of anaerobic glycolysis that contributes to fatigue?.
What is lactate (lactic acid)?
This is caused by water loss from the body or an increase in core body temperature during a prolonged steady state of submaximal (or aerobic) exercise in thermoneutral and hot environments.
What is cardiovascular drift?
After exercise, you should have this combination of nutrients for effective glycogen resynthesis and muscle repair.
What are carbohydrates and proteins?
These are the two main fuel sources used in the aerobic energy system.
What are carbohydrates and fats?