Brain structures
This part of the brain controls basic survival functions such as breathing and heartbeat
What is the medulla?
These branchlike extensions receive messages (listen) from other neurons and conduct impulses toward the cell body
What are dendrites?
This division of the nervous system carries information between the brain and spinal cord and the rest of the body
What is the peripheral nervous system?
This type of drug increases neural activity and speeds up body functions. Caffeine and cocaine belong to this category.
What are stimulants?
This concept refers to the genetic transmission of characteristics from parents to offspring.
What is heredity
Located at the back of the brain, these lobes process visual information.
What is the occipital lobes?
Within the somatic nervous system, volunatry muscular movements are carried out by what type of neurons?
Motor neurons
You decide to kick a soccer ball. This division of the nervous system controls the skeletal muscles involved in the movement.
What is the somatic nervous system?
Drugs that block the reuptake of neurotransmitters our of the synaptic cleft, increasing the amount of neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft.
What are antagonists?
every nongenetic influence, from prenatal nutrition to the people and things around us.
What is environment (nurture)
After touching a hot pan, a person quickly pulls their hand away. The brain lobes that include the somatosensory cortex primarily responsible for processing the sensation of touch
Parietal lobes
This is the brief electrical charge that travels down the axon when a neuron fires, carrying the chemical message of the neurotransmitters
neural impulse/action potential
While walking through a dark parking lot, thinking about the potential for danger, your heart begins beating faster and your body prepares to respond to a possible threat. Which division of the nervous system is responsible?
What is the sympathetic nervous system?
This type of drug reduces neural activity and slows body functions. Alcohol is an example.
What are depresssants
Researchers discover that prolonged exposure to a stressful environment is associated with changes in how certain genes are expressed. What concept best explains this finding?
What is epigenetics?
A person experiences damage to the large band of neural fibers connecting the two hemispheres. Communication between the hemispheres would be disrupted.
What is the corpus callosum?
Term for the space between neurons where neurotransmitters are transferred from the axon buttons of one neuron to the dendrites of the next neuron
What is synaptic cleft?
The sympathetic nervous system, parasympathetic nervous system, senses, and unconscious processes like blinking, breathing and digesting are part of which division of the nervous system?
WHat is the autonomic nervous system
A person regularly uses a drug. Over time, the drug has less of an effect, so the person needs increasingly larger amounts to achieve the same effect. This occurs because the neural connections in the brain change with repeated use. What is the changing of the brain through experience called?
These twins develop when one fertilized egg splits into two. As a result, they have the same genetic makeup.
identical (monozygotic) twins
A patient can speak fluently but has difficulty understanding what other people are saying. Damage to this area would best explain the problem.
What is Wernicke's Area?
A neuron has fired and is temporarily unable to generate another action potential. It is experiencing this.
What is the refractory period?
The three types of neurons
What are sensory neurons, motor neurons, and interneurons
Category of drugs in which sensory experiences that are not real take place
What is hallucinogens
When studying identical twins separated at birth the independent variable is