Intro
What is gross anatomy?
Study of large structures you can see.
Describe the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis.
Epidermis: dead cells, outer layer of skin
Dermis: blood and nerve supply
Hypodermis: stores fat
Come to the skeleton and point out the manubrium.
On skeleton.
Come up to the skeleton. Differentiate the radius from the ulna.
See skeleton.,
What is the difference between a ligament and tendon?
Ligament connects bone to bone.
Tendon connects muscle to bone.
Come to the board. Draw and label the four abdominal quadrants.
RUQ, RLQ, LUQ, LLQ
Flat, box-like. Found on skin and mouth for protection.
Come to the skeleton. Point to an intervertebral disc. What is its purpose? What is an example of an injury that can happen to it?
Allow for movement while protecting spinal cord. Herniated disks.
What is unique about the patella compared to other bones.
It is a sesamoid bone, meaning its embedded in a tendon.
What is unique about greenstick fractures?
Usually found in children
You are treating a patient who needs imaging once per week for the forseeable future. You need to see soft tissues specifically. Which would you prescribe?
MRI - no radiation
What are cilia? What is their function? What type of cell are they present on?
They are in our lungs. They trap and expel mucus. They are on simple columnar cells.
Name all four spinal regions and the number of bones in each.
Cervical 7
Thoracic 12
Lumbar 5
Sacral 2 fused segments
What classification of bone is a vertebrae?
Irregular
Describe yellow marrow.
In bone. Holds adipose tissue.
Describe anabolism and catabolism.
Anabolism - building up, requires energy
Catabolism - breaking down, releases energy
What layer is only present in palms and soles?
Stratum lucidum
Name the 4 spinal curves.
Cervical lordosis
Thoracic kyphosis
Lumbar lordosis
Sacral kyphosis
Come up to the skeleton. Identify the lateral malleolus. What bone is this on?
Fibula, On skeleton
What is hematopoeisis?
Making of blood cells. Occurs in bone marrow.
Describe negative feedback loops. Given an example.
Come up to the board. Write all five layers from deep to superficial.
stratum basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, corneum
Come to the front of the room. Perform a movement that would allow your lumbar spine to change from its normal curve. What is its normal curve? What curve will it change to?
Come up to the skeleton. Identify the navicular.
On skeleton
Give an example of
Amphiarthrosis
Synarthrosis
Diarthrosis
Amphiarthrosis: limited motion (vertebrae)
Synarthrosis: no motion (most skull joints, manubriosternal)
Diarthrosis: freely moveable, shoulder/knee/hip/etc