Category 1: Brake Fundamentals
This brake system component converts hydraulic pressure into clamping force at the rotor.
What is a caliper?
This type of brake fluid is hygroscopic and most commonly used in passenger vehicles.
What is DOT 3 brake fluid?
This disc brake design uses the caliper itself to apply pressure as it slides.
What is a floating (sliding) caliper?
These brakes use wheel cylinders to press shoes against the drum.
What are drum brakes?
Brake lining wear indicators are designed to create this warning
What is a squealing noise?
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The basic physical principle that allows hydraulic brake systems to multiply force.
What is Pascal’s law?
This component triggers the brake warning lamp during a this pressure difference condition.
What is the Pressure differential switch?
Uneven pad wear on a disc brake often indicates this condition.
What are seized caliper guide pins?
This mechanism automatically adjusts shoe-to-drum clearance
What is a self-adjuster?
This condition occurs when brake linings lose friction at high temperatures.
What is brake fade?
This part returns brake fluid to the master cylinder reservoir as brakes cool
What is the compensating port?
This valve limits rear brake pressure during sudden stops.
What is a proportioning valve?
This rotor condition results in pedal pulsation during braking.
What is disc thickness variation?
A pull to one side during braking may be caused by this in drum brakes.
What is a leaking or sticking wheel cylinder?
Oil or grease on brake linings causes this problem.
What is brake grab or pull?
The ratio of pedal movement to master cylinder piston movement determines this.
What is pedal ratio?
Internal master cylinder cup seal failure usually causes this pedal condition.
What is a sinking or fading pedal?
The minimum rotor thickness specification is set to prevent this failure.
What is brake fade or rotor cracking?
This drum brake condition reduces braking effectiveness when backing up.
What is incorrect shoe orientation?
This brake term compares opposite wheel braking force.
What is brake balance?
This condition occurs when brake fluid absorbs moisture and boils under heavy braking.
What is brake fluid vapor lock?
Daily Double
This test confirms internal master cylinder leakage without removing the unit.
This tool measures rotor runout.
What is a dial indicator?
Primary and secondary brake shoes differ mainly in this characteristic
What is lining length?
Excessive heat cycles can cause rotors to develop this surface defect.
What is glazing?