Earth's Timeline
Formed 4.6 BYA.
What is the earth?
Compares layers of sedimentary rock and the fossils within each layer to give an approximate age of a fossil.
What is relative dating?
The process of using the sunlight to make chemical energy in prokaryotic and eukaryotic autotrophs. Occurs in the chloroplasts. Led to the increase in oxygen in the atmosphere!
What is photosynthesis?
Individuals do NOT evolve, _____________ evolve!
What is populations?
DOUBLE JEOPARDY:
Populations have genetic variations, organisms over-reproduce, adaptations allow some to survive and reproduce, and the population changes over time due to nature.
What is natural selection?
The first life recorded approximately 3.9 to 3.6 BYA.
What is bacteria?
Determines the actual age of a fossil by measuring the amount of radioactive material still present in the remains.
What is radiometric dating?
DOUBLE JEOPARDY:
: The number of membranes around the mitochondria and chloroplast due to endocytosis suggesting that each organelle was once its own cell.
What is 2?
The legs in the blubber of a whale which no longer have a purpose.
What is vestigial structure?
A population of organisms that are similar in structure and behavior that can mate and produce fertile offspring.
What is a species?
The layer of earth that contains the rare element iridium found on asteroids. Below this layer there is a large diversity of dinosaur fossils, while above the layer there are very few suggesting a mass extinction.
What is the KT Boundary?
DOUBLE JEOPARDY:
:
The time it takes for radioactive isotopes to decay to 50 % of the original amount. For Ex: Carbon - 14 decays at a rate of 5,730 years.
What is a half-life?
Inside, living together.
What is endosymbiosis?
Organisms' bone structure that is similar but has a different function, suggesting they have a common ancestor and the possibility that divergent evolution has occurred.
What is a homologous structure?
When a population changes causing the allele frequency of the next generation to change due to random events such as a human stomping through a field of wildflowers.
What is genetic drift?
Earth's eras in order from the formation of earth to present day.
What is the Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras?
When looking at sedimentary layers, the layer below has much more biodiversity than the layer just above.
What is mass extinction?
Complex, larger cell that contains a nucleus, membrane-bound organelles, and was created by a large prokaryote eating a smaller prokaryote (endysymbiosis) approximately 2.1 BYA.
What is a Eukaryote?
DOUBLE JEOPARDY:
The types of evidence for evolution.
What is Fossils, Anatomy, Molecular, and Embryology?
1. Genetic Variation in Population
2. Geographic Isolation
3. Changes in genes due to mutation, genetic drift, gene flow or natural selection.
4. Reproductive Isolation
What is speciation?
DOUBLE JEOPARDY:
The era of ancient animals giving rise to lots of biodiversity; transitioning from life only on water to life on land. (fish -> amphibians -> reptiles)
What is the Paleozoic Era?
The primary element to life that is the backbone to all biomolecules! Literally means organic! It's radioactive isotope form is C-14 which is measured during radiometric dating to determine an actual age of a YOUNG fossil!
What is carbon?
Just kidding! NOT ENDOSYMBIOSIS!
Breeding based on human's desired traits in an organism such as crops, cattle and the gazillion breeds of dogs.
What is artificial selection?
The gradual change in adaptations of a species over time.
What is evolution?
A male, blue-footed booby dances for the female, showing her his pretty blue feet. The female selects the male with the brightest feet and the best moves.
What is sexual selection?