Basics
What is the definition of epidimiology?
A field of science that studies health problems
within population
Define An organism that gives a disease to a host
Pathogen
List the 5 types of prevention
Primary, active primary, passive primary, secondary prevention, and tertiary prevention
Define airborne transmission
Viruses transmitted through the air ( sneezing, coughing, ect.)
What is a carrier?
Individual that carries the pathogen
What is an epidemic?
Rapid spread of disease in a large amount of hosts in a population in a short time frame
Define the examination of the hypotheses between health outcomes and exposure variables
Analytical epidimiology
What is primary prevention
Action to stop disease from occurring
Disease transmitted from animals to humans through blood ( insect bites)
What is an active carrier?
An individual that carries the infection and can spread it to others
What is a pandemic?
Widespread infection in an entire country or the entire world
Define the classification of disease occurrence according to three variables (time, place, and person)
Descriptive epidemiology
What is secondary prevention?
Action of early prevention, examples are treatment and early intervention
Define vehicle borne transmission
Inanimate object that can carry infection to a host
Healthy carrier
Someone that does not display any symptoms but, does carry the pathogen and can spread it to others
What is efficacy?
Capacity of therapeutic effect of a certain intervention under controlled conditions
Define an inanimate object that serves a carrier of disease
Fomite
What is tertiary intervention?
Working with people that have already been affected by the disease
Define biological transmission
Pathogen reproduces in a vector, can spread from host to host
What is a convalescent carrier?
Individuals that have already recovered from the illness but, can still spread the pathogen to others
What is an endemic?
A disease that occurs regularly in a community
Define any infection/ disease that can be transmitted to humans through vertebrate animals
Zoonosis
Describe the difference between active and passive primary prevention
Active: Involves a change in the individual's behavior
Passive: no voluntary actions necessary from the individual
Difference between direct and indirect transmission
Indirect: Transmission through bodily fluids, no direct contact with infected individual
What is an intermittent carrier?