Matter & Phase Changes
What are the 3 states of matter?
Solid, Liquid, Gas
What is the density of water?
1.00 g/mL
What are the 3 subatomic particles (particles inside an atom)?
Protons, neutrons, and electrons.
How do I classify a substance as an element (what has to be true)?
The substance can only be made up of one type of atom.
What is the main difference between a chemical and physical change?
In a physical change, no new substance is formed. In a chemical change, a new substance is formed.
What is the process called when a gas changes into a liquid?
Condensation
A hammer has a density of 3.4 g/mL, will it sink or float in water? Why?
Sink because the density is more than water.
Where is all the mass of an atom located?
The nucleus
What is a mixture (key word)?
A physical combination of substances
How many carbon atoms are in 3C2H6?
6
For an ice cube to melt, does energy need to be added or released?
Added
What is the equation used to solve for mass, using density and volume?
M = D x V
How do I find the number of electron clouds surrounding an atom?
The period number
What is the difference between a compound and a molecule?
A molecule is any 2 or more atoms chemically bonded and a compound has to be 2 or more different atoms chemically bonded.
Is cheese making a chemical or physical change?
Chemical
Explain the difference between endothermic and exothermic phase changes.
Exothermic: Heat is released
Endothermic: Heat is added
A rock has a mass of 100 grams and a density of 20g/mL, find the volume.
5 mL
How many protons, neutrons, and electrons does the element Chlorine have?
17 protons
17 electrons
18 neutrons
What are the 2 types of mixtures and what is the difference?
Heterogenous: An uneven mixture with visible components.
Homogenous: A uniform mixture with no visible differences.
What is the difference between reactants and products?
Reactants are what you start with (left of the arrow) and products are what you end with (to the right of the arrow).
List the 3 endothermic phase changes and the 3 exothermic phase changes.
Endothermic: Melting, Evaporation, Sublimation
Exothermic: Freezing, Condensation, Deposition
Which is more dense:
Water vs Saltwater
Provide an explanation using the concept of density.
Saltwater because more atoms (salt) are packed between the same volume of water.
What are valence electrons?
The electrons in the outermost energy shell of any atom.
Classify suspensions and solutions into the correct type of matter.
Suspensions are heterogenous mixtures and solutions are homogenous.
In a chemical reaction, what does the law of conservation of matter tell us? How does something new form?
Matter cannot be created or destroyed, only rearranged into new substances.
The reactant bonds between atoms break apart and reform new bonds to make new substances. However the products can only be made of the same atoms in the reactants.