Foundational Knowledge
What does the acronym ABA mean?
Applied Behavior Analysis
What does reinforcement do to behavior?
Increase behavior
What are the 4 functions of behavior?
Behavior, access, move, escape
Sensory, escape, attention, tangables
Move, sensory, reinforcement, attention
Sensory, behavior, attention, extinction
Sensory, escape, attention, tangibles
What is an echoic?
To label something
To make a request
The speaker repeats another speaker
Responding to others
The speaker repeats another speaker
Prompting hierarchy least to most
Verbal, physical, gestural,
Modeled
Gestural, verbal, modeled, physical
Verbal, gestural, modeled, physical
Verbal, modeled, gestural, physical
Verbal, gestural, modeled, physical
What is the purpose of ABA?
Understanding socially important behaviors
To fix clients
To tell parents how to parent
To give a client the tools to complete their school work
Understanding socially important behaviors
When should reinforcement be provided to help increase the behavior targeted?
30 sec after
10 sec after
5 sec after
Immediately after
Immediately after the targeted behavior for increase
What is an example of a sensory function of behavior?
Playing with hair
Run away from teacher who assigned a task
Lie in an interview to get a job
Act silly to make a classmate laugh
Play with hair
What is a mand?
To shape a behavior
To make a request
The speaker repeats another speaker
To read text
To make a request
What is shaping?
Break down a task into smaller manageable steps
Reinforce small steps until a target behavior
To provide stimulus control to other staff
To take away reinforcement to target a behavior
Reinforce small steps until a target behavior
How can you tell something is a behavior?
You can measure it and observe it (one ½ credit both full credit)
What is positive reinforcement?
Positive R+ is when something is added to increase a behavior
ex) verbal praise for washing your dishes
What is an example of the escape function of behavior?
Cut in line to play in the game sooner
Grab a toy from a peer to play with it
Walk away from a hard conversation
Shake leg when you start a test
Walk away from a hard conversation
What is a tact?
To label something
To make a request
The speaker repeats another speaker
To look at something
To label something
What is chaining?
Breaking down a complex skill into smaller more manageable steps
To provide a token for a desired behavior
To hold hands in a line
For each client to have a task within an activity
Breaking down a complex skill into smaller more manageable steps
How can you test if something is a behavior?
Parsimony
Dead mans test
Replication
Operant
Dead mans test
What is negative reinforcement?
Negative R- is when something is taken away to increase a behavior.
ex) The bad smell is removed when the boy takes a shower
What is an example of the attention function of behavior?
The child flops to the ground when ask to clean their area
A child interrupts a conversation to show a picture
Tap a pen on the table when working on math
A child interrupts a conversation to show a picture
What is textual?
To repeat what someone says
To read a story
To make a request
To reinforce verbal language
To read a story
To place a behavior on extinction is to
Take away reinforcement
To add reinforcement
To reinforce every other day
To reinforce only that behavior
Take away reinforcement
What does the ABC data stand for?
Antecedent, behavior, and consequence
What does automatic reinforcement mean?
The client engages in a behavior alone, either to feel good or to remove unpleasant feelings
ex) scratch an itch, flapping hands, fidget toy
What with is an example of access to tangibles function of behavior?
The student leaves the classroom without permission
The child walk to the park to go on the swing
The boy posts a picture on IG for likes
The girl likes to swing to feel the wind
To gain access to items or preferred activities
What is an intraverbal?
To label something
To make a request
The speaker repeats another speaker
Responding to others
Responding to others
What is a token system?
Use tokens to reinforce appropriate behaviors