Behavioral Function
Experimental manipulation of antecedents and consequences demonstrates that behavior changes systematically only under specific contingencies. This outcome establishes this type of relationship between variables.
What is a functional relation?
When initial functional analysis results are undifferentiated due to poor discrimination between conditions, adding salient cues to signal contingencies addresses this issue of inadequate ______.
What is stimulus control?
A decrease in the effectiveness of a reinforcer due to recent or continuous access to that reinforcer.
What is an abolishing operation (AO)?
The two primary effects of motivating operations.
What are the value-altering and behavior-altering effects?
A behavior analyst designs an intervention to increase independent toileting for a child because it improves daily living and family functioning.
What is Applied?
Two different behaviors, such as aggression and tantrums, both result in escape from demands and are therefore considered part of this.
What is a response class (functionally equivalent behaviors)?
A functional analysis that combines multiple contingencies identified through caregiver interviews into a single test condition exemplifies this assessment approach.
What is an interview-informed synthesized contingency analysis (IISCA)?
When a highly preferred stimulus fails to increase the future frequency of a response, it does not meet Skinner’s empirical definition of this.
What is a reinforcer?
An environmental event that increases the effectiveness of a reinforcer and evokes behavior previously associated with it.
What is an Establishing Operation (EO)?
A research article reports significant improvements in adaptive behavior using a “behavioral package,” but the procedures are described only generally, making replication difficult.
What is a lack of the Technological dimension?
Behavior that reduces or terminates discomfort, such as pain.
What is behavior maintained by automatic negative reinforcement?
When the control condition produces moderate rather than low levels of responding, this may indicate insufficient reduction of motivating operations or poor discrimination between conditions, leading to this type of FA outcome.
What are undifferentiated results?
Comparing response allocation across simultaneously available reinforcement options is achieved using this schedule arrangement.
What are concurrent schedules of reinforcement?
The primary limitation of descriptive assessments in identifying behavioral function.
What is that they demonstrate correlation rather than causation?
A clinician implements an intervention grounded in reinforcement principles and reports substantial decreases in self-injury. However, the study relies on anecdotal reports and lacks experimental manipulation to demonstrate causality.
What is a lack of the Analytic dimension?
A child engages in problem behavior only when a specific teacher is present, as this teacher historically provides attention following the behavior.
What is attention-maintained behavior under discriminative stimulus control?
In a functional analysis, task demands increase the value of escape as a reinforcer. Tasks function as this.
What is an establishing operation (EO)?
Providing stimuli that produce similar sensory consequences to reduce automatically reinforced behavior.
What is the use of competing or matched stimuli (e.g., environmental enrichment)?
A stimulus in whose presence a response is less likely to be reinforced.
What is an S-delta (SΔ)?
Instead of relying on teacher opinions, a clinician records the exact number of instances of aggression during each classroom period using direct observation.
What is Behavioral?
Behavior maintained by the termination of social interaction, such as a student screaming to be left alone.
What is escape from social interaction (social negative reinforcement)?
Despite typical control condition arrangements, problem behavior remains elevated until the analyst includes uninterrupted access to a specific preferred conversation topic. This indicates that the original control condition failed to account for these.
What are idiosyncratic reinforcers or motivating operations?
Reinforcement delivered for the absence of problem behavior during a specified interval.
What is Differential Reinforcement of Other Behavior (DRO)?
Providing scheduled attention to reduce attention-maintained problem behavior.
What is creating an Abolishing Operation (AO) through Noncontingent Reinforcement (NCR)?
A community-based intervention produces substantial improvements in independent living skills that significantly enhance participants’ quality of life.
What is Effective?