Characteristics of ABA
This is the principle of choosing the simplest explanation with the fewest assumptions to solve a problem or understand a phenomenon.
What is parsimony?
This is a decrease in responsiveness to repeated presentations of a stimulus. It is most often used to describe a reduction of respondent behavior as a function of repeated presentation of the eliciting stimulus over a short period of time
What is habituation?
This occurs when a person's repertoire has been changed such that short- and long-term reinforcers are maximized and short- and long-term punishers are minimized.
What is habilitation?
Name 2 discontinuous measurement techniques
What are partial-interval recording, whole-interval recording, and momentary time sampling?
Independent variable
What is the intervention or treatment that a researcher or behavior analyst implements to observe its effect on a specific behavior?
Determinism
What is the philosophical belief that all events, including human actions, are causally determined by preceding events and natural laws?
Sd
What is a stimulus in the presence of which a given behavior has been reinforced and in the absence of which that behavior has not been reinforced?
Normalization
What is the belief that people with disabilities should, to the maximum extent possible, be physically and socially integrated into the mainstream of society?
Temporal Locus
What is the fact that every instance of behavior occurs at a certain point in time with respect to other event? Often measured in terms of response latency or interresponse time
External validity
What is the extent to which the results of a study can be generalized to other individuals, settings, behaviors, or circumstances?
This is a philosophical position asserting that the true value of a statement is determined by how well it promotes effective action.
What is pragmatism?
This is the history of the development of an individual organism during its lifetime
What is ontogeny?
Reactivity
What are the effects of an observation and measurement procedure on the behavior being measured?
Momentary time sampling
What is a method for recording behavior where an observer notes whether a target behavior is occurring only at the precise end of each time interval?
Confounding Variable
What is an unplanned, extraneous factor that unintentionally influences both the independent variable (intervention) and the dependent variable (behavior)?
Empiricism
What is the practice of gathering and analyzing data through direct observation to make evidence-based decisions, rather than relying on assumptions or opinions?
This is the development of a conditioned reflex by pairing a neutral stimulus with a conditioned stimulus. Also call secondary conditioning!
What is higher-order conditioning?
Behavioral Cusp
What is a behavior that has sudden and dramatic consequences that exposes the person to new environments, reinforcers, contingencies, and responses?
Artifact
What is a systematic misrepresentation of data caused by the measurement method itself, making a behavior appear to occur more or less often than it actually does?
Parametric analysis
What is is a type of single-subject design that systematically manipulates the level or dosage of the independent variable to find the most effective amount for a client?
This is a mentalistic explanation for behavior that uses an unobservable concept, like "laziness" or "determination," to explain a behavior instead of relying on observable data.
What is explanatory fiction?
Rule Governed Behavior
What is behavior controlled by a verbal statement of an ABC contingency? Behavior comes under the indirect control of temporally remote or improbable, but potentially significant consequences. This is in contrast to contingency shaped behavior.
Relevance of Behavior Rule
What is the practice that only behaviors likely to produce reinforcement in the persons natural environment should be targeted for change?
This is a behavior that results in minimal displacement of the participant in time and space. It can edited at nearly any time, it is discrete, it requires minimal time for completion, and it can produce a wide range of response rates.
What is a free operant?
This is a logical fallacy where it is incorrectly assumed that the cause (antecedent, A) of a behavior is true because the effect (consequent, B) has been observed.
What is affirmation of the consequent?