The Basics
The process of analyzing an individuals behavior to then make socially significant changes to their behavior.
Applied Behavior Analysis
Gradually teaching a behavior in steps (successive approximations) toward the end goal.
Shaping
Adding a stimulus as a consequence and the behavior increases
Positive Reinforcement
What does FBA stand for?
Functional Behavior Assessment
This verbal operant refers to a "request". More specifically it is evoked by a motivating operation and followed by specific reinforcement.
Mand
Anything an organism does
Behavior
A basic ABA principle about reinforcement that is often expressed as "first this, then that".
Premack Principle
Adding a stimulus as a consequence and the behavior decreases
Positive Punishment
An experimental procedure that can be included in an FBA that involves systematically testing possible functions of behavior by exposing the individual to a variety of carefully designed conditions.
Functional Analysis
Daily Double!!!
Name the four functions of behavior
Reducing the amount of assistance you provide as the individual begins to independently respond with the target skill
Prompt fading
Those certified to practice applied behavior analysis independently go by this acronym.
BCBA (Board Certified Behavior Analyst)
The process of linking together basic single step skills to create a more complex behavior (comprised of multiple steps).
Chaining
Removing a stimulus as a consequence and the behavior decreases
Negative Punishment
This type of data collection involves capturing variables that occurred immediately before, during and after a target behavior.
ABC Data
This law states that individuals will always allocate their responses to behaviors that result in the most amount of reinforcement.
Matching Law
This individualized plan should outline what behaviors are being targeted, how they are defined, how they are measured and how to address them.
Positive Behavior Support Plan
Asking a student for a series of responses. Each trial has the instruction, a learner response, error correction if needed, then reinforcement. There is a brief pause before this cycle is repeated.
Discrete Trial Training
Removing a stimulus as a consequence and the behavior increases
Negative Reinforcement
This type of preference assessment involves noncontingently placing the items you want to test in the environment and measuring the duration of engagement with each item as a measure of relative preference.
Free Operant
Reinforcing only those responses we want to increase while placing all other responses on extinction.
Differential Reinforcement
Behavior data is typically visually depicted in this manner so it may be observed for trend, level and variability.
Line Graph
A system where participants earn generalized conditioned reinforcers as an immediate consequence and in which they can exchange them later for preferred items or activities (backup reinforcers).
Token Economy
The discontinuing of reinforcement of a previously reinforced behavior
Extinction
Daily Double!!!
What is the name of a behavioral effect associated with extinction in which the behavior suddenly begins to occur after it has decreased significantly or stopped entirely.
A condition performed during a functional analysis that is designed to evoke zero behavior.
Control
This type of differential reinforcement procedure specifically teaches a communication-related skill.
Functional Communication Training