Biology
Name the term: "a measure of how well differences in people's genes account for differences in their traits" (Hint: think percentages and generations)
Heritability
Name the two components that define active suicidal ideation.
1. Plan
2. Intent
What is the common term for illness anxiety disorder?
Hypochondria
Name the two categories of disorders included in the broader category of "Mood Disorders'
1. Depressive Disorders
2. Bipolar Disorders
Name this term: a decrease in the strength of an emotional response to a stimulus after prolonged/repeated presentations. This often occurs during exposure therapy.
Habituation
What structure in the brain is often HYPERACTIVE in cases of PTSD?
Amygdala
Name 1 of the 2 core symptoms of Major Depressive Disorder.
1. Depressed mood
2. Anhedonia (loss of interest or pleasure)
Patient Z is reporting exposure to a Criterion A traumatic event approximately 3 weeks ago and has been experiencing the following 5 symptoms: recurrent distressing memories of the event, persistent negative mood, derealization, avoidance of external reminders related to the event, and hypervigilance.
Acute Stress Disorder
Patient L describes feeling uncomfortable in many social situations and states that they do not like spending time in many public settings because they feel embarrassed. Upon further discussion, they describe frequently looking in reflective surfaces to examine their appearance and constantly pull their hair over their ears while sitting in front of you, noting that they feel self-conscious.
Body Dysmorphic Disorder
This behavioral treatment for depression involves increasing a patient's engagement in activities that have been shown to improve mood.
Behavioral Activation
What class of drugs is commonly used as the frontline treatment for depressive and anxiety disorders? (Hint: it's an acronym)
SSRIs or SNRIs
This arousal symptom associated with PTSD involves being excessively alert and on-guard for danger in one's immediate environment.
Hypervigilance
Patient A reports experiencing frequent, distressing intrusive thoughts and describes engaging in ritualistic behavior to cope with anxiety related to these thoughts, noting these symptoms occur for at least 2-3 hours per day.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Patient W is admitted to the emergency room due to distress related to active hallucinations, disorganized speech, and odd motor behaviors that have been developing over the past several days. Their partner tells you that these symptoms emerged following the sudden, tragic loss of the patient's close family member which occurred two weeks ago.
Brief Psychotic Disorder
Identifying and changing these irrational belief patterns is a primary target in Beck's cognitive therapy. Examples include mind reading, fortune telling, and catastrophizing.
Cognitive distortions
This region at the forefront of the brain that is responsible for emotion regulation, motivation, planning, attention, and other executive functions is often HYPOACTIVE (underactive) or impaired in many disorders.
Prefrontal cortex
This specifier term is given is given for OCD and Body Dysmorphic Disorder and describes how convinced/aware the person is that the disordered beliefs are true. (Hint: good/poor/absent)
Insight
Patient G reports that they are currently at risk of failing one of their classes because they refuse to give a speech in front of the class. They describe feeling extremely anxious when thinking about public speaking and state that they are afraid that the other students will laugh at them and talk about how dumb they sound. However, they state that they do not generally feel nervous or embarrassed around other people or in social situations in their daily life. (Note: this diagnosis answer requires a specifier)
Social Anxiety Disorder (Performance Only)
This disorder involves presentation of both disordered mood episodes and psychotic symptoms and is included in the category of schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
Schizoaffective Disorder
Inhibitory learning is an important component of successful exposure therapy because it enables new learning through and about consequences. This occurs through which kind of learning/conditioning?
Operant
Fill in the blank: The _______ hypothesis is the leading theory for understanding the role of neurotransmitters in depressive disorders?
Serotonin
Name 1 of the 2 core symptoms of mania.
1. Abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood
2. Abnormally and persistently increased goal-directed activity or energy
Patient X presents with symptoms consistent with a current manic episode and reports several past depressive episodes.
Bipolar 1 Disorder
Patient Q reports fear and anxiety in several public/social situations outside the home (e.g., crowded concert, movie theater), noting that they often avoid such situations. They describe worries related to not being able to escape or access help in these situations as the main stressor.
Agoraphobia
While some may utilize a flooding approach to exposure, those who take a more gradual approach work collaboratively with patients to develop a ____ _____. This includes numerous feared situations/stimuli listed in terms of increasing intensity and may take the form of a "ladder."
Fear Hierarchy