Anxiety
What do fear and anxiety have in common?
They have the same physiological features: increase in respiration, perspiration, muscle tension, and so forth
Why is OCD classified as a an anxiety disorder?
✤OCD is classified as an anxiety disorder because obsessions cause intense anxiety, while compulsions are aimed at preventing or reducing anxiety
What is Hoarding Disorder?
The need to save items and become very distressed if they must discard them. Results in extraordinary accumulation of clutter that causes great distress and dysfunction
What are two ways (techniques, goals, aims etc.) a Cognitive therapist tries to decrease abnormality?
Challenge their dysfunctional thoughts; try out new interpretations; apply new ways of thinking into their daily lives; recognize and restructure their thinking; ask questions about assumptions, attitudes, and thoughts of a client
Name the four D's of abnormal psychology
Deviant, distress, dysfunction, and danger
What is the difference between fear and anxiety?
Fear is a state of immediate alarm in response to a serious threat to one’s well-being whereas anxiety is a state of alarm in response to a vague sense of being in danger
Name at least two common forms of 'compulsions'
Cleaning, checking, order or balance, touching, verbal, and/or counting
What is Trichotillomania?
Repeated hair pulling from scalp, eyebrows, eyelashes, or other parts of the body.
What is the aim of behavioral therapy?
The aim of behavioral therapy is to identify the behaviors that are causing problems and replace them with more appropriate ones
What is 'series of contacts' ?
Attempts between the healer and the sufferer, through which the healer tries to produce certain changes in the sufferer’s emotional state, attitudes, and behavior
What are the 5 types of anxiety disorders?
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), Specific phobia, Agoraphobia panic disorder, Social anxiety disorder, Panic disorder
What are 'obsessions' and 'compulsions'
Obsessions—persistent thoughts, ideas, impulses, or images that seem to invade a person’s consciousness
Compulsions—repetitive and rigid behaviors or mental acts that people feel they must perform to prevent or reduce anxiety
When is a Excoriation (skin picking) disorder given?
Picking at the skin resulting in significant sores or wounds.
In psychodynamic therapy, they have a technique they utilize called catharsis - what is that?
Catharsis—the reliving of past repressed feelings in order to settle internal conflicts and overcome problems
A man chooses to dye his hair the colors of the rainbow and wears a rainbow jumpsuit everyday to match. Which abnormal psychology word best describes his behavior?
Eccentric
Name two ways phobias differ from “normal” experiences?
More intense and persistent fear; Greater desire to avoid the feared object/situation; Distress that interferes with functioning
The MOST common theme of obsessive thoughts is:
The fear of being contaminated by dirt or germs
Most phobias technically are categorized as “specific”; there also are two broader kinds, what are the two broader kinds?
Agoraphobia and Social Anxiety Disorder
Name 3 of the 5 key areas the biological model focuses on
Brain anatomy, brain chemistry, genetic abnormalities, biological abnormalities through gene mutations, biological abnormalities resulting from viral infections
At present, which theoretical perspective dominates the clinical field?
No single perspective dominates the clinical field
Name 3 symptoms of GAD, as well as identify how long someone must have the symptoms in order to get diagnosed with GAD?
Symptoms include restlessness, easy fatigue, irritability, muscle tension, and/or sleep disturbance and last at least 6 months
What does a diagnosis of OCD, 'specify with absent insight/delusional beliefs' mean?
The individual is completely convinced that obsessive-compulsive disorder beliefs are true.
What is body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) and why is it classified as an anxiety disorder?
Preoccupied with the belief that they have a particular defect or flaw in their physical appearance.
The perceived defect or flaw is severely exaggerated, and causes great anxiety, distress, etc.
According to two sociocultural perspectives—the family-social perspective and the multicultural perspective, how is abnormal behavior best understood?
In light of the broad forces that influence an individual; as such, they address the norms of, and people’s roles in society
What is Prevalence and Incidence?
Incidence = number of new cases that emerge in a given period of time. Prevalence = total number of cases in a given period of time