Mood Disorders
Which mood disorder occurs right before a menstrual period?
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
How long does hypomania last?
At least 4 consecutive days
False, Recovery or resilience is the norm. Only a small percentage of people meet diagnosis for a stress disorder following a potentially traumatic event
Which disorder is characterized by a disruption of identity characterized by two or more distinct personality states?
Dissociative Identity Disorder
How many symptoms are required to qualify for panic disorder?
BONUS: what are some of the symptoms?
4 or more symptoms! + 1 month of anxiety about having symptoms or their consequences.
What are the 4 D's?
Deviance, Distress, Dysfunction, Dangerousness
How long must Persistent Depressive Disorder last?
2 years
True or false, Patients who experience bipolar disorders often have symptoms of overly inflated self-esteem or delusions of grandiosity
True or false, Different personality states are always observable with patients that have dissociative identity disorder (DID)
FALSE
What is generalized anxiety disorder and how long does it need to last to qualify for diagnosis?
BONUS: what are some symptoms that generally occur?
Excessive anxiety and worry occurring more days then not for at least 6 months about a number of events or activities (e.g., school, work performance, health & finances)
3 or more symptoms:
What does comorbidity mean?
When one person has two or more co-occurring disorders
True or False, Men are diagnosed more frequently than women with depressive disorders
False! Women are diagnosed twice as much as men
What's it called when someone hurts themselves without the intention of dying
Self-Harm or Non-suicidal self injury
What are the some psychological risk factors for developing PTSD?
- Negative cognitive styles (repetitive negative triad/thinking about oneself, the world, the future)
- Pre-existing diagnoses (anxiety, depresion)
- Lack of resilience (e.g., inability to change coping strategy based on situation demands)
-External world view, seeing life events as “out of their control“
What is continuity of self?
The psychological sense of connection, stability and coherence between one’s past, present and future self
False! Brain regions like the amygdala, insula and hippocampus play a role in anxiety disorders. Less is known about somatic symptom disorders but they can be related to medical conditions.
Give one example of a biological, a psychological, and a sociocultural factor that could be contributing to the presentation of a disorder
Biological - too much/lack of neurotransmitters, brain areas, genetics
Psychological - view of the world, self-esteem, negative thoughts, negative behaviors
Sociocultural - race, gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, family/social support
Define Major Depressive Disorder
Depressed mood or loss of interest/pleasure in things for most of the day, more days than not (+4 other symptoms) during the same 2-week period
True or false, Antidepressant medications work really well to reduce symptoms for patients with bipolar disorders
False! Antidepressant medications can cause mania symptoms in patients with bipolar disorder
If someone experienced a life threatening traumatic event and the next day their arousal was high, they couldn't sleep, they were experiencing anxiety and flashbacks to the event, what would you diagnose them with?
Nothing yet! If the symptoms last for at least 3 days, Acute Stress Disorder
Which disorder is defined by the inability to recall important autobiographical information that is inconsistent with ordinary forgetting?
Dissociative Amnesia
Define Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder
A. One or more altered voluntary motor or sensory function symptoms
B. Clinical findings provide evidence of incompatibilty between the symptom and recognized neurological or medical conditions
What are the 3 rule outs?
1. Substance use / withdrawal
2. Another medical condition
3. Better explained by another disorder/does not meet criteria for another disorder
What are two of the most common treatments for depressive disorders?
1. Psychotherapy - CBT
2. Psychopharmacology - SSRIs/SNRIs
What is the most common treatment for bipolar disorders?
Lithium and family-focused therapy focused on medication adherence
What is the gold standard treatment for PTSD?
What are some other options for treatment?
Exposure therapy
Other: trauma focused CBT, EMDR, psychopharmacology
Which is NOT a type of Dissociative Amnesia?
What is the difference between somatic symptom disorder and illness anxiety disorder?
Somatic symptom disorder - has severe physical manifestations of the disorder that takes up excessive time, thoughts, and energy, causing intense anxiety.
Illness anxiety does not typically have physical manifestations, if they are present they are mild. Concerns about health cause excessive checking behaviors, easily alarmed about health
Why is it important to think about functional impairments when assessing clients?