Approaches and Theory
The approach that views disorders as the result of environmental conditions and cultural norms.
What is the Sociocultural Approach?
A combination of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors leads to the development of psychological symptoms.
What is Biopsychosocial?
This occurs when a neutral stimulus is paired with an unconditioned stimulus to elicit a conditioned response.
What is Classical Conditioning?
When someone focuses on only the negative parts of a situation/event.
What is Tunnel Vision?
Typically used for specific phobias, a patient is taught relaxation techniques while being exposed to the aversive stimulus.
What is Systematic Desensitization?
The approach that views disorders as the result of thinking processes, personality styles, emotions, and conditioning.
What is the Psychological Approach?
The development of psychological symptoms comes from a combination of a risk factor (whether biological, sociocultural, or psychological) and a trigger (whether biological, sociocultural, or psychological).
What is the Diathesis-Stress model?
This involves learning through voluntary behavior and consequences (think of positive reinforcement, negative punishment, etc.).
What is Operant Conditioning?
When someone focuses on the worst-case scenario.
What is Catastrophizing?
Techniques to reduce psychological symptoms that can include things such as drug therapy, electroconvulsive therapy, surgery, etc.
What is Biological Therapies?
The approach that views disorders as the result of abnormal genes or neurobiological dysfunction.
What is the Biological Approach?
This theory is based on the assumption that people have an innate capacity for living a fulfilling life, and that the only thing that affects this is pressure from social norms.
What is Humanistic Theory?
What is Modeling/Observational Learning?
When someone takes one bad situation and thinks that it is going to continue happening.
What is Overgeneralization?
This therapy involves exposing the patient to the aversive stimulus all at once, while preventing avoidance.
What is Flooding?
The idea that psychopathology stems from negative views about the self, world, and others.
What is Cognitive Models/Theory?
This theory/approach sees families as complex systems and states that each system has its own rules and hierarchies that govern a family's behavior.
What is the Family System Approach?
This theory examines how people's fears persist through a mixture of classical and operant conditioning.
What is Mowrer's Two-Factor Theory?
When someone thinks that people are thinking negatively about them, despite having no evidence that that is the case.
What is Mind-Reading?
This therapy is problem-oriented and helps patients focus on the "here and now."
What is Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)?
This theory views psychological symptoms as a result of unconscious thoughts/desires.
What is Psychoanalytic/Psychodynamic Theory?
This treatment/idea stems from the basis that it is better to stop psychological symptoms from happening in the first place rather than treating them later.
What are Prevention Programs?
This theory considers that psychological symptoms stem from poor emotional regulation and combines therapy ideas from behavioral and cognitive theories, as well as mindfulness, in an attempt to treat them.
What is the Third-Wave Approach/Theory?
When someone thinks something is their fault, despite it being out of their control.
What is Personalization?
This therapy helps clients discover their potential through self-exploration.
What is Humanistic Therapy?