Models of Psychological Disorders
disorders caused by the unconscious mind
What is the Psychodynamic Model?
emotional response to an imminent threat
What is Fear?
Marked by the presence of both negative and positive symptoms
What is Schizophrenia Disorders?
two distinct identities, each with its own name and history.
What is Dissociative Identity Disorder?
characterized by excessive emotionality and attention-seeking behavior
What is Histrionic Personality Disorder?
disorders can be caused by problems in thinking
What is the Cognitive Model?
Luke is a 9-year-old boy who becomes extremely distressed every time his mother drops him off at school. He frequently expresses concerns that he will not see her again and often experiences physical symptoms like stomachaches and headaches. Recently, he has started having nightmares about being lost and unable to find her.
What is Separation Anxiety Disorder?
Jilian believes that she has been chosen by a higher power to lead a movement that will change the world, despite having no evidence to support this claim. She feels that she possesses extraordinary abilities and that people should recognize her importance.
What is Grandiose Delusion?
Experiencing a sense of detachment from one’s environment, where surroundings feel unreal or distorted.
What is Deralization Disorder?
Anna has difficulty expressing emotions, rarely socializes, and seems indifferent to close relationships.
What is Schizoid Personality Disorder?
Four Ds: Sarah lives in a community where it's common to work long hours without much social interaction. However, her friends and family are worried because she actively avoids social gatherings and frequently isolates herself, a behavior unusual in her culture.
What is Deviance?
Sean has started to feel anxious when he thinks about going to large shopping malls. He fears that if he experiences anxiety or panic symptoms while in a crowded area, he may not be able to escape quickly. As a result, he prefers to shop only during off-peak hours or online, avoiding situations where he feels trapped.
What is Agoraphobia?
A group of delusions that is also marked by both positive and negative symptoms
what is Delusional Disorder?
A group of disorders that involves disruptions in consciousness, memory, identity, emotion, perception, motor control, and behavior.
What is Dissociative Disorders?
George has trouble in relationships and displays eccentric behavior and odd thinking patterns. He finds it uncomfortable to be close to others.
What is Schizotypal Personality Disorder?
A young adult has a family history of depression and has always been somewhat anxious. Recently, they experienced a traumatic event when they were involved in a car accident. Following this event, they develop severe depressive symptoms.
What is the Diathesis-Stress Model?
Ces has struggled with feelings of sadness and low self-esteem for the past three years. While she doesn’t experience the intense episodes of depression that some of her friends do, she often feels fatigued, has difficulty concentrating, and believes she’s never good enough. These feelings seem to persist despite her attempts to feel better.
What is Persistent Depressive Disorder?
Sebastian has been experiencing symptoms similar to schizophrenia, such as hallucinations and disorganized speech, but these symptoms have only lasted for four months. Then he reported episodes of sadness and finding that life has no meaning.
What is Schizoaffective Disorder?
Rare and severe, where the individual cannot remember their entire life history, identity, or even skills they have learned. This type of amnesia can be sudden and is often triggered by traumatic experiences.
What is Generalized Amnesia?
Sam experiences a strong distrust of others and believes that people are out to harm him without evidence to support this belief. He finds it difficult to confide in anyone and feels constantly on guard.
What is Paranoid Personality Disorder?
An individual who has recently lost their job feels overwhelmed and begins to isolate themselves from friends and family. After discussing these feelings in therapy, they acknowledge that they often seek approval from others, which contributes to their isolation.
What is the Humanistic Model?
persistent, uncontrollable worry, even in the absence of immediate stressors and with no specific cause of anxiety
What is Generalized Anxiety Disorder?
David experienced a sudden onset of hallucinations and delusions after a traumatic event but returned to his normal functioning within a few weeks. His symptoms lasted less than one month and he did not have any mood episodes.
What is Brief Psychotic Disorder?
After a traumatic event, Laura cannot remember details about the incident, including the events leading up to it. She remembers her daily life but cannot recall what happened during the trauma.
What is Localized Amnesia?
Indifference to praise or criticism and a preference for solitary activities
What is Schizoid Personality Disorder?