EMS Operations
A four-month-old is bleeding from his head. EMS has been at his home several times before to treat injuries of this child. Injuries sustained match the child's age and ability, as the parents have stated. What is the most appropriate next step?
Notify the proper authorities
A stroke is a serious medical condition that requires immediate attention. Which medical conditions can mimic a stroke due to similar symptoms?
Hypoglycemia
Your patient is complaining of severe chest pain and shortness of breath. The patient states that the pain feels similar to their last heart attack. What medication has been proven to reduce mortality in Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI)?
Nitroglycerin
Your 33-year-old female patient was involved in a single-vehicle Motor Vehicle Collision (MVC) and sustained a mid-shaft, open femur fracture. After direct pressure is applied to the wound, it continues to bleed profusely. What should you do next?
Apply a tourniquet and transport rapidly
Your three-year-old male patient is having difficulty breathing. His mother tells you that he is being treated for an upper respiratory infection, and he awoke this morning with a loud, deep cough. As you approach, you hear a high-pitched, whistling sound when he inhales. What condition should you suspect?
Epiglottitis
A six-year-old female patient was struck by a vehicle while crossing the road near her home. The police were unable to reach her parents. Which of the following provides authorization for you to treat and transport the patient?
Implied Consent
There are three stages of labor. Each one has a definitive starting and ending point. What are these stages?
Dilation of the Cervix, Delivery of the new born, and Delivery of the Placenta
During your secondary assessment, you perform a SAMPLE history on an unrestrained driver involved in a head-on collision. The patient is hypotensive, has distended neck veins, and muffled heart tones. Based on these findings and their history of blunt chest trauma, which type of shock is most likely?
Obstructive Shock
You are dispatched to a pedestrian versus car accident. You arrive to find a 26-year-old male patient lying supine in the roadway in front of a car. Your patient is A&O × 4 and is complaining of severe abdominal pain. When you cut off the patient's shirt, you note an evisceration to the left lower abdomen. How should you treat it?
Cover with sterile gauze moistened with saline solution and secured with an occlusive dressing.
Your 17-year-old male patient was stabbed in the chest during an assault. A large penetrating wound is noted to the left anterior chest with minimal bleeding and bubbling. His respirations are 6 per minute and shallow, and he has a weak carotid pulse. His airway is patent, and first responders have him on oxygen via a non-rebreather mask. What is the first action you should take?
The Incident Command System is a universal, multi-faceted management system commonly used in large-scale disasters. Which of the following is not a position on the command staff?
Safety Officer
A nearly full-term pregnant female called for assistance after discovering that her water broke; she noted green fluid in the discharge at that time. What is the cause?
Meconium.
An adult male patient complains of severe chest pain and shortness of breath that began an hour ago, shortly after finishing a workout. He appears pale, diaphoretic, and reports no relief with rest. What is the most likely cause of his symptoms?
AMI
Your patient fell from his roof, hitting his head on a picnic table and then landing on the grass. His symptoms include Cheyne-Stokes respiration, decreased mental status, bradycardia, and a widened pulse pressure. What should you suspect?
Increased ICP/Becks Triad
Which of the following signs or symptoms is not commonly shared between Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)?
Distend neck veins
What law protects medical personal while off duty when they respond to a person in need of medical care?
Good Samaritan Law
You are dispatched to a residence to care for a female patient with low blood sugar. When you arrive, the patient is lying on the kitchen floor with snoring respirations and moans, with painful stimuli. The family tells you that the patient is a diabetic and is noncompliant with her medicine. What do you expect her skin to look and feel like?
Cold Clammy Skin
An unresponsive 40-year-old male is slumped over the steering wheel in his car. He is in cardiac arrest. An emergency move is performed. What position should he be placed on the ground?
Supine
Your five-year-old female patient is complaining of pain in her right arm after falling off a slide at the school playground. The school nurse states she has spoken with the girl’s parents, and they will meet the ambulance at the emergency department. The patient has marked gross angulation and crepitus noted in the right upper arm. How will you stabilize this injury?
Stabilize with a sling and swathe and place a padded board under the arm and the medial side.
A breathing pattern typically seen in patients with increased intracranial pressure is characterized by an irregular pattern with increasing depth and rate, followed by a period of apnea. What is this breathing pattern called?
Cheyne-Stokes
The US Department of Transportation (DOT), in coordination with the National Association of State EMS Officials (NASEMSO), has developed evidence-based guidelines for fatigue management. What are its recommendations?
EMS personal should work less than 24 hours, Naps should be allowed for EMS crews, Caffeine should be readily available to help combat fatigue
A 78-year-old male patient with a long history of emphysema is complaining of a sudden onset of difficulty breathing. Auscultation reveals diminished breath sounds on the right side. The patient was recently discharged from the hospital after being on a ventilator for several days. What should you suspect?
Spontaneous Pneumothorax
You are dispatched to a local baseball complex to care for a 17-year-old male patient in cardiac arrest. Upon arrival, the fire department is performing CPR and preparing to place the AED on the patient. They inform you that he went into immediate cardiac arrest after being struck in the chest by a baseball while at bat. What should you suspect?
Commotio Cordis
An adult patient experienced blunt force chest trauma while at work. He is now conscious and alert, but struggling to breathe. He has unequal breath sounds and subcutaneous emphysema. What is most likely the cause of his symptoms?
Tension Pneumothorax.
A 23-year-old female patient is having difficulty breathing and trouble speaking. You observe that her hands, fingers, and toes are contracted and drawn up. Her respiratory rate is 34 breaths per minute, and her breathing is labored. What is the most likely condition?
Respiratory Alkalosis