Philosophers
This philosopher promoted the idea of natural rights
John Locke
This English king married 6 times and created a new church to suit his political ambitions
Henry VIII
This military leader took over England after the execution of Charles I in 1649
Oliver Cromwell
These are the three natural rights, according to the philosopher who theorized them
Life, liberty, and property
This theory developed by Nicolaus Copernicus states that the sun is at the center of the 'solar' system, and not Earth
Heliocentric Theory
This philosopher is sometimes called the "first modern feminist" for her advocacy for women's rights
Mary Wollstonecraft
This is the term for the belief that monarchs were chosen by God to rule, and therefore had the right to absolute power.
Divine Right of Kings
William and Mary took the English throne after this event
The Glorious Revolution
The theorized agreement between citizens and their government which states that citizens give up much of their freedom to participate and benefit from society
The social contract
This palace was the centerpiece of Louis XIV's political power
Palace of Versailles
This philosopher, unlike most of his peers, supported absolute monarchy
Thomas Hobbes
This absolute monarch made it his goal to modernize his country and moved his country's capital to bring it closer to the West
Peter the Great
This is the term for a monarchy which is limited by the government and a national constitution. After the Glorious Revolution, England transitioned to this form of government
Constitutional Monarchy
This Enlightenment-era book described the belief that human society needs the firm hand of an absolute monarch to be protected from humanity's fundamental wickedness
The Leviathan
Process developed by Francis Bacon and others which laid the foundation for modern scientific study and experimentation
Scientific Method
This philosopher can be thanked for inspiring the multiple branch-structure of the US government
Montesquieu
Elizabeth I
This was the victorious faction of the English Civil War; they opposed the Royalists under King Charles I
Parliamentarians or Roundheads
This person wrote the Declaration of Independence, which was inspired heavily by Enlightenment ideas
Thomas Jefferson
Charles I was executed after repeatedly clashing with this group
Parliament
The author of the book explaining the relationship between a ruler/government and its citizens
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Philip II tried to take the throne of England with his Armada in 1588 due to his claim through his wife, _______________
Mary I (Mary Tudor/Bloody Mary)
After the English king was executed in 1649, the new leader of the country used the strict morals of this religion/Christian denomination to guide England's cultural life
Puritanism
Enlightenment thinkers rejected faith and superstition in trying to understand our world and society, instead favoring _____________ & ______________
reason & logic/science
Elizabeth's successor, James I, was already ruling this country when he accepted the English throne
Scotland