Absolutism
What is Versailles and who built it?
Massive palace built by Louis XIV
What kind of movement is the Enlightenment?
An intellectual movement
The Roundheads/ supporters of Parliament
In 1598, this was created stating Catholicism was the official religion in France?
Edict of Nantes
What is an absolute monarch?
A monarch who exercises complete control over their kingdom
Peter the Great wants to make Russia more what?
Western (like the rest of Europe) and modern
This king inherited kingdoms of Naples, Sicily, Netherlands, and Spain
King Philip II
Explain the cause of the English Civil War, and who fought on each side.
Escalating conflict between the King and Parliament, including Charles I trying to arrest leaders of Parliament. Fought by supporters of the King and supporters of Parliament.
Royal Minister under Louis XIII
Cardinal Richelieu
What change in government happened after Cromwell's death?
Restoration of the monarchy
The idea that kings are appointed by God to rule.
Who becomes Queen of England in 1558?
Elizabeth Tudor
What effect on government did the English Civil War have?
Monarchy was ended and Cromwell set up a republican commonwealth that turned into a military dictatorship
What did Parliament pass in France limiting the rule of King Charles I?
Petition of Rights
This king of Scotland believed in the divine right of kings, but Parliament did not?
King James I
How does Versailles demonstrate Louis XIV's power?
It was hugely expensive and required a lot of labor- shows he had control over the economy and labor
In England, what law was created stating the Queen was the only supreme governor of church AND state?
Act of Supremacy
What was the Glorious Revolution?
The overthrow of the first king established after Cromwell and his replacement by his daughter and son-in-law, Mary and William.
What other previous social movements influenced the development of the Enlightenment?
The Renaissance, the Protestant Reformation, the Scientific Revolution
In what ways was Louis XIV an absolute monarch?
Controlled all facets of society - military and war, economy and labor, the nobility...
what were 2 causes that lead to the age of absolutism?
1. Rulers regulated religious worship and social gatherings to control the spread of ideas
2. Rulers created bureaucracies to control the economies. With control of the economy, they could make financial decisions that best suited their needs, not the people's.
In 1588, who attacked England trying to gain European supremacy?
Spain (Spanish Armada)
Why did the Glorious Revolution happen?
Parliament wanted to establish a monarchy, but a constitutional monarchy- one with limits on its power.
What was the name of the court system where people were tried for heresy?
Inquisition
Royal Minister under Louis XIV
Cardinal Mazarin