Name that drug
Name a Quinolone type ABX?
Ciprofloxacin
Nephrotoxicity
What is a common side effect of benzodiazepines?
Strong sedation
What does it mean if an ABX is bactericidal?
It directly kills the bacteria.
What type of seizure is described as brief sudden muscle jerk or spasm of the arms or legs
Myoclonic
Name a common type of Sodium Channel blocker?
Topiramate/Topamax, Lacosamide/Vimpat, Lamotrigine/Lamictal
What is a common symptomatic side effect of ABX ?
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
What is a common side effect of sodium channel blockers?
Dizziness
What type of ABX is given to target specific bacteria?
A narrow spectrum ABX
What is the difference between focal and generalized seizures?
Focal one area of the brain (aura)
Generalized- wide range brain activity (LOC)
What is an anti-viral type ABX?
Acyclovir, Oseltamivir/Tamiflu, Valacyclovir
What are 2 side effects of quinolones that may impact PT treatment?
Tendon rupture
QT prolongation (ventricular arrhythmias)
muscle pain
neuropathy
cognitive impairment
What is the most common side effect of Levetiractam/Keppra?
Mood disorder-worsen depression/anxiety
What is most beneficial timing to start an antiviral medication?
Within 36-48hrs of symptoms
Which neurotransmitter is a primary inhibitor?
GABA
Lorazepam/Ativan, Alprazolam/Xanax, Midazolam/Versed
What is a contrindication to taking any antimicrobial?
Allergic to a specific agent
Name a type of AED medication that can have severely/deadly withdrawals if stopped abruptly?
Benzodiazepines or barbiturates
Name 2 of 4 the classifications (spectrums) of bacteria?
Gram positive/negative
anerobic/aerobic
mycobacterium
atypical
What is the mechanism of action of sodium channel blockers?
Reduce the excitability of neurons by slowing the flow of sodium making it more difficult for seizures to occur.
What are the anti-bacterial types of ABX (name at least 2)
penicillin, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, macrolides, tetracyclines
What type of bacterial infection may be caused by taking antibiotics?
Clostridium difficile (C- diff) Don't forget to WASH hands- no foam-
What type of medication has a life-threatening rash as a side effect
Sodium channel blockers, (carbamazepine, lamotrigine)
Name 2 of the mechanisms of actions of antimicrobials.
Cell wall disruption (cell lysis and death)
DNA/RNA interference (cells unable to reproduce)
Protein synthesis inhibition (prevent vital cell function)
Name 2 Physical Therapy implications when working with patients taking AEDs
Challenges of side effects (esp dizziness impaired coordination), safe handling of patients (modification of exercise intensity/duration), potential side effects, monitoring for adjustments to maximize PT benefits