Ballots & Brainwaves
This amendment granted women the right to vote.
What is the Nineteenth Amendment?
This term describes the belief that one’s participation in politics matters.
What is political efficacy?
These institutions connect citizens to government and policymakers.
What are linkage institutions?
These organizations seek to influence public policy on specific issues.
What are interest groups?
This advantage helps incumbents win reelection through name recognition and resources.
What is the incumbency advantage?
This amendment eliminated poll taxes as a barrier to voting.
What is the Twenty-Fourth Amendment?
A state requires strict voter ID laws, making it harder for some citizens to vote. This is an example of this type of factor.
What are structural barriers?
A party organizes volunteers, raises money, and promotes candidates. This describes this party function.
What is campaign management/mobilization?
This document is filed by groups to provide information to the court in a case they are not directly involved in.
What is an amicus curiae brief?
This act attempted to limit soft money and included the “I approve this message” requirement.
What is the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act?
A voter supports a candidate because they believe it will benefit them personally. This model explains this behavior.
What is rational choice voting?
Voter turnout is typically higher in these elections compared to midterms.
What are presidential elections?
A state allows only registered party members to vote in its primary. This is this type of primary.
What is a closed primary?
Individuals benefit from a group’s efforts without contributing. This is known as this problem.
What is the free rider problem?
This Supreme Court case held that political spending is protected speech under the First Amendment.
What is Citizens United v. FEC?
A voter decides to reelect a candidate based on the country’s recent economic performance. This model explains this behavior.
What is retrospective voting?
A state automatically registers eligible citizens to vote when they interact with government agencies.
What is automatic voter registration?
This system, where the candidate with the most votes wins, discourages third-party success.
What is winner-take-all?
A coalition of agencies, interest groups, and congressional committees working together over time is called this.
What is an iron triangle?
The media focusing on who is winning rather than policy issues is known as this type of coverage.
What is horse-race journalism?
A voter chooses a candidate based on what they think the candidate will do in the future.
What is prospective voting?
Age, income, and education level are examples of these influences on voting behavior.
What are demographic factors?
This process selects party nominees for the general election and meetings of party members are used to select candidates and discuss policies.
What are primaries and caucuses?
Temporary alliances of groups and individuals working on a specific issue are known as this.
What are issue networks?
Media deciding which issues are most important for the public to think about is known as this.
What is agenda setting?