Motion
Forces
Buoyancy
Matter
Periodic Table
100
What is the difference between speed & velocity?
Velocity includes a direction and speed does not.
100
What two characteristics describe a force?
Magnitude and Direction
100
What does the density of an object depend on?
mass and volume
100
This is a pure substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical or physical means.
An element
100
What makes each element unique?
The number of protons in the nucleus
200
Describe the relationship between reference point and motion.
An object is in motion if it changes position relative to its reference point.
200
What is inertia?
The tendency of an object to resist a change in motion.
200
What determines whether an object will sink or float?
The density of the object. Objects that are more dense than the fluid they are in, sink. Objects that are less dense than the fluid they are in float.
200
The nucleus of an atom includes what type of subatomic particles?
Protons and Neutrons
200
The vertical columns on a periodic table are called what?
Groups or families
300
What types of objects make the best reference points?
Objects that are stationary (tree, flagpole, building)
300
Give the definition for net force.
The cumulative effect of all forces acting on an object.
300
What determines whether an object will sink or float?
The density of the object. Objects that are more dense than their fluid sink, objects that are less dense than the fluid they are in float.
300
What is a compound?
A pure substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a set ratio.
300
What does a group or family consist of?
Elements with similar characteristics
400
This is the length and direction that an object has moved from its starting point.
Displacement
400
What are the two forces acting on a ball rolling down a hill?
Gravity and Friction
400
Answer question #23 on page 446.
The object weights less in water because the buoyant force on it in water is opposite the force of gravity.
400
Differentiate Solids from liquids.
A solid has a definite shape and a definite volume. A liquid has a definite volume but no shape of its own.
400
Elements that are shiny conductive solids at room temperature are likely to be classified as what?
Metals
500
The slope of a speed versus time graph represents what?
What is acceleration
500
A car is attached by a cable to a moving truck and is being pulled along a level highway. What forces are acting on the car? Name all that apply.
Gravity, Tension, Normal, Friction, Air Resistance
500
Answer question # 24 on page 446
2.0 N (The weight of the volume of displaced water is equal to the buoyant force)
500
How is the thermal energy of a substance related to its physical state?
As thermal energy increases, matter changes from solid to liquid and from liquid to gas.
500
What is a valence electron?
The electrons that are in the highest energy level of an atom and that are involved in chemical reactions.
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