BIOLOGY
In the world of microorganisms, bacteria have unique ways of sharing genetic material with each other, sometimes even transferring genetic traits such as antibiotic resistance. This structure, found in some prokaryotic cells, allows for horizontal gene transfer and plays a critical role in bacterial conjugation. What is the name of this structure?
Pilus
A famous mystery novel by Agatha Christie, And Then There Were None is known for its gripping plot and suspense. How many people are invited to the isolated island in this novel, where they are systematically murdered?
Ten
This Roman emperor, who reigned from 284 to 305 CE, is recognized for stabilizing the Roman Empire after the Crisis of the Third Century and dividing it into the Eastern and Western Roman Empires. What is the name of this emperor?
Diocletian
This American singer, known for her single "Sofia" and album Charm (2024), goes by the stage name Clairo. What is her real name?
Claire Elizabeth Cottrill
In UV-Visible spectroscopy of transition metal complexes, what selection rule explains why d–d transitions in octahedral complexes are weak due to being symmetry-forbidden, unless vibronic coupling is involved?
Laporte Rule
This protein complex is involved in the final step of apoptosis, where it cleaves specific proteins to induce cell death. What is the name of this protein complex, often referred to as the "executioner" of apoptosis?
Caspase-3
This author, best known for writing Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass, used the pen name "Lewis Carroll." What is his full name?
Charles Lutwidge Dodgson
This Spanish leader is credited with leading the expedition that resulted in the downfall of the Aztec Empire and the eventual colonization of Mexico. Who is this leader?
Hernan Cortes
This British mathematician, known as the father of computer science and artificial intelligence, helped break the German Enigma code during World War II. However, he was persecuted for his homosexuality and underwent chemical castration. Who is he?
Alan Turing
In high-energy physics, what theoretical form of matter is believed to have existed just after the Big Bang and is composed of free quarks and gluons, unconfined within hadrons?
Quark–Gluon Plasma
This term refers to the phenomenon in which a protein, when altered by environmental stress, adopts a misfolded conformation that can lead to diseases such as Alzheimer's. What is the term for this misfolding?
Proteopathy
This author is best known for creating the famous detective Sherlock Holmes, who solved complex cases with his sharp intellect. Which story marks the first appearance of Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson?
A Study in Scarlet
This ancient siege weapon, used in the medieval period and earlier, was designed to launch large projectiles over castle walls. Its most famous use was during the siege of Troy in Greek mythology. What is the name of this weapon?
Trebuchet
In many countries, national symbols reflect cultural identity and heritage. In Japan, one particular flower holds deep historical and imperial significance.
What is recognized as the national flower of Japan, often associated with the Emperor and featured in the Imperial Seal?
Chrysanthemum
In particle physics, what is the name of the hypothetical particle that is believed to mediate the force responsible for the mass of fundamental particles, and which field is associated with this force?
Higgs boson; Higgs field.