Disorders of the Liver
A cause of cirrhosis that involves the building up of fat
What is NASH (nonalcoholic steatohepatitis)
Congestion and increased fluid pressure in the portal system
What are primary malignances (hepatomas)?
This refers to stones that form in the gallbladder
What is Cholelithiasis (ko-lil-la-thi-as-sis)?
What is pancreatitis?
A greenish yellow discoloration of tissue
What is jaundice?
Dilated, bulging esophageal veins are referred to as this
What are esophageal varices?
Once a tumor is sufficiently large, the patient may report pain in this area
What is the RUQ?
**TRUE OR FALSE**
Gallstones are more frequent in men
FALSE
**DAILY DOUBLE**
Primarily, the pancreas becomes inflamed when the organ's own enzymes especially this one cause the pancreas to digest itself (autodigestion)
What is trypsin?
This is caused by excess destruction of RBC's
What is hemolytic jaundice?
This condition, often seen in cirrhosis, results from the liver producing less of a key protein that maintains oncotic pressure, leading to fluid leakage into tissues.
What is hypoalbuminemia?
**DAILY DOUBLE**
A serum protein normally produced during fetal development, is a marker that, if elevated, can indicate a primary malignant liver tumor
What is Alpha-fetoprotein?
**DAILY DOUBLE**
If the stones are located in the common bile duct, the condition is referred to as this
What is choledocholithiasis (ko-let-toe-ko-le-thi-as-sis)?
When the stools are described as being frothy and foul smelling
What is steatorrhea?
A chronic degenerative liver disorder caused by generalized cellular damage
What is Cirrhosis?
This condition involves the abnormal buildup of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity
What is ascites?
If a tumor is confined to a single lobe of the liver, this may be attempted to remove primary malignant or benign tumors.
With this, patients typically experience sudden, severe right upper quadrant (RUQ) pain that may radiate to the back or right shoulder, often occurring after a fatty meal. Unlike acute cholecystitis, patients usually do not have fever, vomiting, or significant abdominal tenderness, and the pain resolves within a few hours.
What is biliary colic?
This may be inserted and connected to suction if a patient is experiencing problems with nausea and vomiting
What is a nasogastric tube?
**DAILY DOUBLE**
This is the most common type of cirrhosis
What is Alcoholic Cirrhosis?
**DAILY DOUBLE**
This along with a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube may be useful in compressing the varices and stemming the flow of blood in cases of upper GI hemorrhage
What is a balloon tamponade?
This is performed to identify the specific type of tumor cells
What is a biopsy?
This is the preferred surgical procedure for gallbladder removal
What is Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy?
What is umbilicus or on the flanks?