Pump It Up
Pumps oxygen-rich blood to the body and return oxygen-poor blood to the lungs
What is the function of the heart
If a patient is pulseless and not breathing.
When should CPR begin?
Chest pain from a temporary oxygen shortage in the heart tissue
What is angina pectoris?
The pressure during ventricular contraction
What is systolic blood pressure?
4th intercostal space, right and left of the sternum.
Where are V1 and V2 placed?
Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle.
What are the four chambers of the heart
Ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia.
What rhythm does the AED shock?
Pain lasts longer than 30 minutes and is not relieved by rest or nitro
What is a possible AMI
Cardiogenic shock
The heart cannot pump enough blood to perfuse the body.
Shave, clean, and dry the skin for good contact.
What you do before placing electrodes?
Stops the heart and hopefully the normal pacemakers take over
What does a shock from an AED do?
Disorganized, ineffective quivering of the ventricles — no blood flow.
What is ventricular fibrillation?
Smoking, high BP, high cholesterol, diabetes, obesity, lack of exercise.
What are risk factors for AMI?
Dyspnea, crackles, pink frothy sputum, pedal edema, jugular vein distension
What are signs of CHF?
Artifact
Movement or electrical interference is causing inaccurate readings in an EKG
Controls involuntary functions such as rate, rhythm, and vessel dilation/constriction.
What does the autonomic nervous system do for the heart?
No electrical activity; begin CPR, no shock advised.
What is asystole?
Dilates coronary vessels, decreases workload of the heart.
What does nitroglycerin do
Systolic <100 mmHg (or <90 by Nebraska protocol).
What BP makes nitroglycerin contraindicated?
Within 10 minutes of patient contact, before nitro or oxygen (unless hypoxic).
When should you obtain the 12-lead ECG?
RA → tricuspid → RV → pulmonic valve → lungs → LA → mitral → LV → aortic valve → body.
What is the path of blood flow through the heart
About 7–10% per minute
How much does survival decrease for each minute defibrillation is
Sudden death, cardiogenic shock, congestive heart failure.
What are three deadly consequences of AMI?
Systolic >180 mmHg causing headache, vision changes, risk of stroke or dissection.
What is a hypertensive emergeny?
V4 lead placement
What is midclavicular, 5th intercostal space?