Acid Base Properties
1)How do acids and bases taste?
2)What is the texture do bases usually have?
3)Both acids and bases can what?
1) Acids are sour, bases are bitter
2) Slippery
3) Conduct electricity
Bases have more _____ ions and acids have more _____ ions.
Bases have more OH- ions and acids have more H+ ions
How can you tell if a substance is acidic or basic based on its pH?
7 = neutral
Less than 7 = acidic
More than 7 = Basic
What is a strength of the Bronsted Lowry model over the Arrhenius model?
It explains bases that do not have OH in them
1) You set some wood on fire and let it burn. Eventually the fire stops. What was the limiting reactant?
2) You light a candle. You close the jar to stop the fire. What is the limiting reactant?
1) wood
2) oxygen
(think about what you are running out of to cause the fire to stop, it's either oxygen or whatever you are burning)
What is the pOH of something that has a pH of 2?
12
pH + pOH always equals 14, so substract 14-2 to find pOH
What can acids react with? What can bases react with?
Acids - bases, metals, and carbonates
Bases - acids
Acids will turn litmus paper ________ and bases will turn litmus paper ________.
Bases = blue
What is the pH of a substance that has a hydrogen ion concentration of 1x10-11 .
11
pH is the exponent
H2O + NH3 → NH4+ + OH-
In this reaction, water is a...
a) Acid
b) Base
c) Conjugate base
d) Conjugate acid
A) Acid
(it is DONATING a H+)
What is the molarity of a solution made from 1.6 moles of HCl in enough water to make a 0.8 L solution. (Hint: Molarity formula is on the back of the periodic table)
2 M
Group B
Strong acids and strong bases dissociate ___________ and conduct electricity ____________.
a) partially, poorly
b) partially, well
c) completely, poorly
d) completely, well
d) Strong acids and strong bases dissociate COMPLETELY and can conduct electricity WELL.
Substance A turns all litmus paper red, Substance B has no color change, Substance C turns all litmus paper blue
1) Which substance will have more H+ ions?
2) Which substance will have more OH- ions?
3) Which substance will have EQUAL amounts of H and OH?
1) A
2) C
3) B
Substance A has a pH of 3 and substance B has a pH of 9. Which substance will have more hydrogen ions?
Substance A
Acids have more H+ ions, bases have more OH- ions
H2O + HF → H3O+ + F-
In this reaction, water is a...
a) Acid
b) Base
c) Conjugate base
d) Conjugate acid
H2O becomes H3O so it RECEIVED a H+
How many moles is 5.19 x 1024 molecules of H2O.
Round to the nearest 0.1 and include the correct unit and substance formula.
8.6 mol H2O
(1 mol = 6.022 x 1023 molecules. This means you must DIVIDE, don't forget parenthesis! You should never get something with 40 something exponent)
If you have 5 moles of H2 and 6 moles of O2. What is the limiting reactant and why?
2 H2 + O2 -> 2H2O
H2
(2 starting points in the question so do 2 stoich problems to figure out which one makes LESS product. 5 moles of H2 would make 5 moles of water, 6 moles of O2 would make 12 moles of water, so H2 is limiting)
Acid A dissociates 90% and Acid B dissociates 20%. Which acid is better at conducting electricity?
Acid A, more dissociation = stronger acid = better at conducting (same rule applies to bases)
What will be produced from this reaction?
HCl + Sr(OH)2 ->
H2O + SrCl2
How many times more acidic will a substance with a pH of 2 have compared to a substance with a pH of 5?
1000 times more
5-2=3, so it is 10x10x10 more acidic
What is the name of HNO3?
What is the name of HNO2?
What is the name of HClO3?
What is the name of HClO2?
Nitric Acid
Nitrous Acid
Chloric Acid
Chlorous acid
If the polyatomic ends in ATE change ending to IC
If it ends in ITE change ending to OUS
The food I ATE was ICky but at least the sprITE was deliciOUS
What is the mass of oxygen needed to make 3 moles of water?
2H2 + O2 -> 2H2O
48 g O2
Mol to g = 2 steps, start with 3 moles, do mole to mole ratio(2 mol H2O on bottom, 1 mol O2 on top), then convert to grams (1 mol H2O on bottom and 18.02 g H2O on top)
If you have 1.3 mol N2 and 1.4 g O2 what is the limiting reactant?
N2 + O2 → 2 NO
N2 (produces smaller amount of product)
You have a substance with a pH greater than 7 and can conduct enough electricity to light a bulb dimly. This is a...
a) strong acid
b) weak acid
c) strong base
d) weak base
e) neutral
d) Weak Base
What are the products when this strong acid and strong base are combined?
HNO3 + Ca(OH)2 ->
H2O + Ca(NO3)2
What do you call a substance that can act as an acid or a base depending on what it is reacting with?
Amphoteric
Review: When you are unable to dissolve something, it is said to be _______________. Two liquids that cannot mix are said to be _____________.
a) soluble, miscible
b) immiscible, insoluble
c) insoluble, immiscible
d) miscible, insoluble
c) Insoluble, immiscible
Solubility = dissolvability
Miscibility = mixability
2 O2 + 3 Fe -> 2 Fe2O3
According to the reaction shown above, which of the following statements is TRUE:
a) There are 5 atoms of reactants
b) There are 5 molecules of reactants
c) There are 5 moles of reactants
d) There are 5 grams of reactants
C) There are 5 moles of reactants
The coefficients are the number of MOLES (2 oxygen + 3 iron = 5 moles of reactant)