Vocabulary
what is an indicator
a chemical that undergoes a change (usually color) when conditions in solution change
Identify acid and base:
CH5P + C4H6O2 → CH6P+ + C4H5O2 -
acid: C4H6O2
Base: CH5P
Describe what red and blue litmus paper do in presence of acid?
red paper stays red, blue paper turns red
what is an acid?
chemical that donates an H+
Determine the reaction equation:
HCl and NH3
HCl + NH3 → Cl- + NH4 +
What volume of a 0.75-M solution of HCl would be required to neutralize 250.0 mL of a 0.010-M solution of Ca(OH)2?
0.0067 L (6.7 mL).
cleaning solutions tend to be acids or bases
bases
What is a base?
HI is a strong enough acid that it will make H2O act as a base. What is the chemical reaction between HI and H2O?
The reaction is HI + H2O → H3O+ + I-
A student needs to neutralize 550.0 mL of a 5.6-M H2SO4 solution. How many grams of Al(OH)3 should be used?
160 g
115.0 mL of a solution of HClO3 of unknown concentration is titrated with a 2.16-M solution of NaOH. If it takes 7.18 mL of NaOH to reach the endpoint, what is the concentration of the HClO3?
0.135 M
3 properties of acids
1. taste sour
2. covalent electrolytes
3 turn blue litmus paper red
What does amphoteric mean?
capable of reacting as either an acid or base
Determine equation for reaction:
H2CrO4 and Al(OH)3
3H2CrO4 + 2Al(OH)3 → 6H2O + Al2(CrO4)3
A chemist makes 50.0 mL of an acetic acid solution with a concentration of 5.0 M. A student wants to use that to make a 1.5-M solution. What volume of 1.5-M solution can he make if he uses all of the original solution?
0.17 L of solution
A 1.34-M solution of H2SO4 is used to titrate 15.0 mL of a solution of KOH. If it takes 17.8 mL of acid to reach the endpoint, what is the concentration of the base?
3.19 M
1. taste bitter
2. feel slippery in water
3. turn red litmus paper blue
What is a polyprotic acid?
an acid that can donate two or more H+ ions
Determine equation for reaction
H3PO4 and NaOH
H3PO4 + 3NaOH → 3H2O + Na3PO4
Concentrated acetic acid is 17.4 M. How would you make 750.0 mL of a 1.5-M acetic acid solution from concentrated acetic acid?
0.063 L
A chemistry student takes 50.0 mL of a NaOH solution and dilutes it so it now has a volume of 250 mL. He then titrates that 250-mL solution to find it is 1.7 M. What was the concentration of the original, 50.0-mL solution?
8.6 M
describe ph scale. Where are acids, bases and neutral substances?
7 - neutral
below 7 acid (further from 7 is more acidic)
above 7 base (further from 7 is more basic)