Acids
What pH is normal for acids?
0-6
What pH is normal for bases?
8-14
What is the definition of pH?
pH = -log[H+(aq)]
Water can act as both acid and base. What do we call substances with this properties?
Amphiprotic
What is a conjugated acid-base pair?
They differ by one proton
Identify the acid:
H2O + HBr <-> H3O+ + Br-
HBr
Name one strong base
Ex: NaOH
A base with pH of 11 is diluted. You take 1 dm3 of the base and add 999 dm3 of water.
What is the new pH?
8
If you react acid and metal. What is the products?
Hydroen gas and salt
List this compounds from lowest to highest pH:
Ca(OH)2, HNO3, CH3COOH, MgO, H2O
HNO3, CH3COOH, H2O, MgO, Ca(OH)2
What is the name of the three strong acids?
Nitric acid, Sulphoric acid or hydrochloric acid
Which of these is not a base?
NaOH, CH3NH2, BaO, HCOOH, NH3
HCOOH
You have 5.00 * 10-3 mol dm-3 of nitric acid.
What is the pH?
2.3
What is the product of this reaction?
CuO (s) + H2SO4 (aq)
CuSO4 (aq) + H2O (l)
What are the three compounds that couse acidic rain?
NO, NO2 and SO2
Name one monoprotic, one diprotic and one triprotic acid.
Ex:
HCl
H2SO4
H3PO4
CH3CH2NH3+ is the conjugated acid. What is the base?
CH3CH2NH2 (Ethanamine)
The pH of hydrochloric acid is 2.
What is the consentration of the acid?
1.00 * 10-2 mol dm-3
If this is the products, what is the reactants?
Na2SO4 + 2H2O
2NaOH + H2SO4
Find the Ka value of ethanol and phenol.
Explain which is the strongest acid, using the Ka value and what you learned about the equilibrium constant K (from chapter 7).
3.16*10-16 and 1.02*10-10
The higher the Ka the more product.
Ex methanol: CH3OH + H2O <-> CH3O- + H3O+
The more H3O+, the stronger the acid.
Making phenol a stronger acid.
Write the general equations for a stong acid.
HA + H2O -> A- + H3O+
White the equation for the reaction between ammonia and water.
NH3 + H2O <-> NH4+ + OH-
The concentration of Ba(OH)2 is 1.00 * 10-2.
What is the pH?
12.3
All of these reactions are reaction with acids, what else do they have in common?
Neutralixation reaction
Acid and metal carbonate reaction
Acid and metal oxide reaction
They produce water
Normal rain water has a pH of approximatly 5.6, due to the CO2 in the atmosphere.
State the equation that cause the acidiy of normal water.
CO2 (g) + H2O (l) ⇌ H2CO3 (aq)