Acids and Bases
The “pH” for a substance can range between what two numbers?
0-14
A substance with a pH of 7
What is a neutral solution?
How much stronger does an acid become when I decrease the pH by 1?
10x stronger
A mixture of two or more substances that is mixed so thoroughly, it looks like 1 substance
What is a solution?
What unique properties do acids have?
What are sour taste, pH below 7, turns blue litmus red, corrodes metal?
When an acid is made, what ion increases in concentration?
Hydrogen/H+ ion
I start with a solution whose pH is 5, and I lower the pH to 3. How much stronger did my acid become?
100x
What properties do bases have?
What are slippery feel, bitter taste, pH above 7, turns red litmus blue, used for cleaning?
In a basic solution, what ion is there a high concentration of?
Hydroxide/OH-
The ratio of the amount of solvent to the amount of solution is called this. Also used to describe how “strong” a solution is.
What is concentration?
I increase the pH of a solution from 5 to 10. How much stronger did my base become?
100,000 times stronger
What common liquid is described as the “universal solvent”?
Water
Vinegar is an example of ____
What is an acid?
True/False: baking soda can be used to neutralize battery acid.
True
Increasing ____________ in the solvent increases the rate of dissolving.
What is temperature?
Neutral
Provide two methods for separating solids from liquids in a mixture.
Filtering, evaporation, distillation.
Shampoo is an example of _____
What is a base?
True/False: rain is acidic
true: rain is slightly acidic
A solution that can not dissolve anymore solute.
A Saturated Solution
I mix together 4 liquids: a strong acid, a weak acid, a strong base, and water. My resulting solution will be…
A weak acid
Provide two methods that can be used to separate two solids from each other in a mixture.
Magnetism: magnetic solids from non-magnetic
sifting: large solids from small solids