What were the three stones tested in the acid rain lab?
limestone, sandstone, pea stone
200
Strong acids are closer to what number pH?
Zero
200
What pH value are the strongest bases?
14
200
How do you measure the pH of a substance?
Litmus Paper
200
If rain has the pH of 6, is it considered acid rain?
NO!
200
What was the control group in the acid rain lab?
stones in water
300
What is one characteristic of acids?
Sour
300
What is one characteristic of bases?
slippery
300
What is it called when you combine an acid and a base?
neutralization
300
What two pollutants cause acid rain and where do they come from?
Nitrogen Oxide and Sulfer Oxide (from burning fossil fuels)
300
What was the independent variable in the acid rain lab?
type of stone
400
Give one example of an acid.
Lemon Juice
400
Give one example of a base.
Soap
400
What color does litmus turn in the presence of an acid AND a base?
red = acid, blue=base
400
On what coast of continents is acid rain more severe? Why?
East coast because weather moves from W to E, and carries polutants and acid rain with it.
400
What was the dependent variable in the acid rain lab?
Change in mass of stones
500
When mixed with water, what type of ions do acids produce?
H+
500
When mixed with water, what type of ions do bases produce?
OH-
500
What is produced when a acid and a base are combined?
water and salt
500
Describe the major causes and effects of acid rain
Causes: pollution from burning fossil fuels, and natual causes (volcanos, forest fires)
Effects: acidification of lakes and streams, harms plants and animals, fish eggs can't hatch
500
List at least three factors held constant in the lab.