Gastritis
What bacterium is a common cause of chronic gastritis?
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori).
What are the two most common causes of peptic ulcer disease?
H. pylori infection and NSAID use.
What is the gold standard test for diagnosing gastritis?
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD).
What is the greatest risk factor for gastric cancer?
H. pylori infection.
What is the most serious complication of peptic ulcer disease?
Hemorrhage (upper GI bleeding).
Acute gastritis usually presents with what type of abdominal pain?
Rapid-onset epigastric pain.
What assessment finding suggests perforation of a peptic ulcer?
Rigid, board-like abdomen with rebound tenderness.
Which laboratory values often decrease because of bleeding from a peptic ulcer?
Hemoglobin and hematocrit.
Which diagnostic procedure confirms gastric cancer?
EGD with biopsy.
A client with an active upper GI bleed arrives on the unit. What is the nurse's priority action?
Apply oxygen.
Which vitamin may be required in chronic gastritis because absorption is impaired?
Vitamin B12.
What drug regimen is commonly prescribed for H. pylori-associated ulcers?
Triple therapy (PPI plus two antibiotics).
Besides EGD, what stool test is commonly used when evaluating peptic ulcer disease?
Occult blood (guaiac) test.
Patients with gastric cancer are often asymptomatic until what stage?
The early stage is often asymptomatic.
Why should clients with peptic ulcer disease avoid NSAIDs?
They impair mucosal defenses and increase ulcer formation and bleeding.
Name four lifestyle modifications that help prevent gastritis.
Any four: Balanced diet, Exercise, Stress reduction, Avoid alcohol, Avoid tobacco, Limit irritating foods/spices
List four complications of peptic ulcer disease.
Which three findings support the diagnosis of peptic ulcer disease?
Name two common treatments for gastric cancer.
Why is active upper GI bleeding considered a medical emergency?
Because it can rapidly lead to hypovolemic shock and death.
Differentiate erosive gastritis from nonerosive gastritis.
List five nursing interventions for a patient admitted with upper GI bleeding.
Any five: Administer oxygen, Monitor vital signs, Establish IV access, Prepare for blood transfusion, Keep NPO, Monitor hemoglobin/hematocrit, Prepare for emergency endoscopy
A patient has melena, epigastric pain, and a positive H. pylori test. Which diagnostic procedure is most appropriate to confirm the diagnosis?
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD).
List four risk factors for gastric cancer.
Any four:
A client taking ibuprofen develops dark, tarry stools and dizziness. What is the nurse's priority concern?
Upper GI hemorrhage requiring immediate intervention.