Principles and Laws
This law states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.
What is the Conservation of Mass?
Dry ice undergoes this process, transitioning directly from solid to gas without becoming liquid.
This separation technique utilizes differences in boiling points to isolate components of a liquid mixture.
What is distillation?
This type of organic compound contains a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached directly to a benzene ring.
What is a phenol?
What is the rate law expression for a reaction that is first-order in reactant A and second-order in reactant B?
What is Rate = k[A][B]² ?
This principle states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers.
What is the Pauli Exclusion Principle?
This number represents the number of atoms / molecules contained in one mole of something, also known as Avogadro’s number.
What is 6.022 x 1023?
This method is used to purify a solid compound by dissolving it in a hot solvent and then cooling it to form crystals.
What is recrystallization?
This name is given to organic compounds that contain both an amine and a carboxylic acid functional group. (Double points if you can name 4)
What is an amino acid?
This rule predicts the major product in the addition of H-X to an unsymmetrical alkene, stating that the hydrogen atom attaches to the carbon with more hydrogen atoms.
What is Markovnikov's Rule?
This law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature at constant pressure.
What is Charles Law?
This equation relates the pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles of an ideal gas.
What is the Ideal Gas Law (PV = nRT)?
This technique measures the amount of light absorbed by a sample to determine its concentration.
What is spectrophotometry ? (Will also accept spectroscopy)
This metal forms an organometallic complex, known as a Grignard reagent, which are compounds used in carbon-carbon bond formation.
This is exact point at which the amount of titrant added is precisely enough to completely react with all of the analyte in the solution.
What is the Equivalence point?
This principle states that the entropy of an isolated system always increases over time.
What is The Second Law of Thermodynamics?
This type of bond forms when atomic orbitals overlap side-by-side, creating electron density above and below the internuclear axis.
What is a pi (π) bond? (Also accept double bond)
This technique measures the heat change associated with a chemical reaction or physical process.
What is calorimetry?
This cyclic compound, also known as oxirane, is formed by the reaction of an alkene with a peroxyacid.
What is an epoxide?
This approximation assumes that the wave functions of atomic nuclei and electrons in a molecule can be treated separately, based on the fact that the nuclei are much heavier than the electrons
What is the Born-Oppenheimer approximation?
This law states that the rate of diffusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molar mass. (Can give a hint for half points :) )
What is Graham’s Law?
The energy change when an electron is added to a neutral atom in the gas phase is termed this.
What is electron affinity?
This technique measures the rotation of plane-polarized light by a chiral compound to determine its optical activity.
What is polarimetry?
This organic reaction forms an ether by dehydrating two alcohols under acidic conditions.
What is the Williamson ether synthesis?
The name of the isotope which is used in most modern day smoke detectors?
What is Americium-241?