GROUP 1
What is the atomic radius of an atom?
What is the trend in atomic radius across a period?
There is a gradual DECREASE as you go from an alkali metal to a noble gas
Electron Affinity values becomes more ______ negative moving to the right and up in the periodic table
NEGATIVE
What generally happens to atomic radii as one goes down a group or a family?
Atomic radii of main group elements generally increases
Write the equation for the ionization of an atom?
X + energy -----> X+ + e-
An atom or a group of atoms ( a polyatomic ion) having a positive or negative charge is called _____
An Ion
The energy required to remove one electron from an atom is called the _______________
Ionization energy
Which group or family has the lowest ionization energy?
Group 1 (alkali metals)
The total amount of attraction that an electron feels for the nucleus is called the _____ ______ ______ of the electron.
Effective nuclear charge
If a system has 54 J of work done to it and that process is exothermic by 18 J, what is the total change in its internal energy?
36 J
What is the equation for electron affinity for an exothermic process?
X + e- ------> X- + energy
According to the Pauli Exclusion Principle, each orbital can have a maximum of only ____ electrons, with ____ _____
2, opposing spins
Group 18 or 8A, the noble gases, have the highest ionization energy (True/False)
True
What is electron affinity?
The energy change that occurs when an electron is acquired by a neutral atom
Which group or family gains electrons most easily?
Halogens, Group or Family 17
State the name of the elements after figuring out the electron configuration from the information given:
2 electrons in the 1s orbital
2 electrons in the 2s orbital
6 electrons in the 2p orbital
2 electrons in the 3s orbital
6 electrons in the 3p orbital
[Ar]
Atoms/ions having identical electron configurations (have the same number of electrons) are known as
Isoelectronic
Rank the following elements in order of increasing metallic character: Ne, K, Mg, Rb, N
Ne < N < Mg < K < Rb
Metallic character increases from top to bottom, that is, group and decreases in the period from left to right
For example, the 1s subshell is filled before the 2s subshell is occupied applies to what principle
Aufbau Principle
Write the equation for electron affinity for an endothermic process
X + e- + energy ------> X-
Na+, Mg2+, O2-, F- are all isoelectronic with
[Ne], Neon
Zeff = Z - S
where,
Zeff =Z =
S =
Zeff = effective nuclear charge
Z = actual charge (no. of protons)
S = shielding electrons (core electrons)
The increase in ionization energy across a period is caused by __________
an increase in nuclear change and the increase in electrostatic attraction between the electron and the nucleus
How much heat is needed to raise the temperature of 5.28 gal of water from 25.00C to 88.00C (Hint: 1 gal = 3.785 L)?
5270000 joules
Elements with a high ionization energy lose electrons easily (True/False)
False