Components of Blood
What is the common name for a erythrocyte?
What is a Red Blood Cell?
True/False: A Complete Blood Count (CBC) tests for levels of HDL and LDL in the blood.
False, that is a lipid panel, a CBC is a blood test that is part of a routine physical exam. It tests for normal ranges of 5 different components of blood (but cholesterol is not one of them).
What is the process of making a puncture in a vein with a needle to extract blood?
What is phlebotomy?
A risk factor is anything that can increase a person’s chance of getting a disease of injury for heart disease.
What is an indication that a patient might have leukemia if you are looking at a blood smear?
An elevated number of white blood cells because white blood cells are being produced too rapidly (but they are immature and often do not function properly).
What is the common name for a thrombocyte?
What is a platelet?
Name the condition associated with low levels of red blood cells, hematocrit, and hemoglobin on a CBC.
What is anemia?
Name the vein most commonly used to draw blood because it is large and easy to see.
What is the median cubital vein?
HDL and LDL are acronyms for what?
High-Density Lipoprotein
Low-Density Lipoprotein
Name the disease associated with high levels of glucose in a Basic Metabolic Panel (BMP).
What is diabetes?
What is the scientific name for white blood cells?
What is a leukocyte?
If a patient has cancer, would their white blood cell count be out of normal range on their CBC? If so, how?
Yes, their white blood cell count would be higher than the normal range.
Wearing PPE, sanitizing your workspace, washing your hands, and using sterile equipment all prevent the spread of what when handling blood?
What is a bloodborne pathogen?
Your patient has high levels of HDL and low levels of LDL. How would you describe their overall heart health? EXPLAIN.
This patient has good heart health. HDL is good cholesterol and LDL is bad cholesterol. High HDL means and low LDL means plaque will not build up in your arteries.
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine are waste products. The levels of these two waste products are indicative of the functioning of which organ?
What are the kidneys?
Which component of blood is most responsible for carrying oxygen through the body to deliver to tissues and organs?
What is a erythrocyte/red blood cell?
Name the 5 components you would see on a Complete Blood Count (CBC) report.
1. Hematocit
2. Hemoglobin
3. RBCs
4. WBCs
5. Platelets
True/False: When completing a routine blood draw, you should remove the needle from a patient's arm before removing a tourniquet.
False, always remove the tourniquet first to prevent an excess amount of blood loss!
Name two essential molecules cholesterol makes.
What are hormones and vitamins?
What is responsible for water balance in the body and levels of this are shown in a Basic Metabolic Panel?
Your patient accidentally cut their fingertip with a knife while slicing vegetables for dinner, and came to the doctor to see if they needed stitches. Upon review, you see their fingertip is no longer bleeding and a scab has formed. Which component of blood is responsbile for the scab formation?
What is a platelet?
What is the cause of the blood disorder polycythemia?
What is a high number of red blood cells (thicker blood and higher risk of blood clots)?
Name 2 bloodborne pathogens.
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis C
HIV
Your patient's Lipid Panel comes back and he has low levels of HDL. Name two suggestions for your patient to increase HDL levels for better heart health.
Exercise
Eat fruits and vegetables
Lose weight
Eat unsaturated fats
Limit alcohol consumption
Stop smoking
A student is looking at a blood smear under a microscope. He is confused about which cells are red blood cells and which cells are white blood cells. Explain the difference between these two types of cells under under a microscope. How do you differentiate between the two types of cells?
Red blood cells appear pink and white blood cells appear purple. Also, you can see the DNA/Nuclei in white blood cells. RBCs do not have a nucleus.