Pathophysiology/Assessment
During a NSTEMI, how long does it take for troponin to elevate?
3-12 hours
What is the timeframe for restoring perfusion to cardiac tissue for a NSTEMI and a STEMI?
Answer: Within 4-6 hours for a NSTEMI and 60-90 minutes for STEMI
A nurse is presenting a community education program on recommended lifestyle changes to prevent MI. which of the following changes should the nurse recommend be made first?
a) Diet modification
b) Relaxation techniques
c) Smoking cessation
d) Taking omega-3 capsules
c) Smoking cessation
What are the two types of MIs?
STEMI and NSTEMI
True or False: Thrombolytic therapy is the preferred type of reperfusion therapy according to the American Heart Association’s guidelines.
Answer: False- A PCI is the preferred and recommended reperfusion therapy for better outcomes.
What assessment is a priority in the early postoperative period of Coronary Artery Bypass Graft?
a) Hypotension
b) Bleeding
c) Hypertension
d) Fluid and electrolyte imbalance
d) Fluid and electrolyte imbalance
What is a risk factor for MI?
Age, Gender, Family history of
premature coronary artery disease, Tobacco use, Dyslipidemia, Diabetes
mellitus, Hypertension, Abdominal obesity, Sedentary lifestyle, diet
low in fruits and vegetables, Psychosocial stressors
What medications are given in Dual Antiplatelet Therapy?
Answer: Aspirin+ Plavix (clopidogrel) or
Aspirin+ Brilinta (ticagrelor)
Adding ______________ from fish and plant sources has been effective for some patients reducing lipid levels, stabilizing atherosclerosis plaques, and reducing sudden death from an MI.
a) Omega-3 fatty acids
b) Iron
c) Vitamin B complex
d) Coenzyme Q10
a) Omega-3 fatty acids
What develops when Blood flow is quickly reduced by 80% -90%?
Ischemia
True or False: Patients with NSTEMI or STEMI should go home on Calcium Channel Blockers like verapamil and diltiazem.
Answer: False- Patients with a NSTEMI or STEMI should go home on Beta Blockers (metoprolol or carvedilol). Calcium channel blockers are only prescribed when Beta Blockers are contraindicated.
Which of the following home care assessments does not pertain to the patient who has had a MI?
a) Assessment of cardiovascular function
b) Assessment of coping skills
c) Assessment of functional ability
d) Assessment of skin integrity
d) Assessment of skin integrity
What is a manifestation of an MI?
Substernal chest pain/ pressure radiating to the left arm, Pain/discomfort in the jaw, back, shoulder, or abdomen, occurs without cause usually in the morning, Relieved only by opioids, Last longer than 30 minutes, Nausea/Vomiting, Diaphoresis, Dyspnea, Feelings of fear/anxiety, Feeling of shortness of breath, Dizziness
This procedure combines clot retrieval, coronary angioplasty, and stent placement.
Answer: Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
A reduction of 80mg/day of sodium can reduce blood pressure by…?
a) Systolic 3mm Hg and 5 mm Hg diastolic
b) Systolic 5mm Hg and 3 mm Hg diastolic
c) Systolic 8mm Hg and 8 mm Hg diastolic
d) Systolic 12mm Hg and 2 mm Hg diastolic
b) Systolic 5mm Hg and 3 mm Hg diastolic