John Adams in Office
Which political party did John Adams belong to?
Federalist
Which event was an undeclared naval conflict?
Quasi-War
What political philosophy did Jefferson support?
Limited government
Who was the Chief Justice in Marbury v. Madison?
John Marshall
Who led the Haitian Revolution?
Toussaint L’Ouverture
Why did tensions rise between the United States and France during Adams’s presidency?
France was seizing American ships after the U.S. signed Jay’s Treaty with Britain
Which law most directly limited civil liberties?
Sedition Act
Why was the Louisiana Purchase controversial at the time?
The Constitution did not clearly give the president power to buy foreign land
What principle gives the Supreme Court the power to interpret the Constitution?
Judicial review
How did the Haitian Revolution weaken France’s position in North America?
France lost troops, money, and control of its Caribbean base
How did the XYZ Affair increase support for a stronger U.S. military?
It angered Americans and led to increased funding for the navy
How did foreign conflicts influence domestic politics during this era?
Fear of foreign influence increased support for stronger government control
What exploration, ordered by Jefferson, helped map the western territory?
Lewis and Clark Expedition
Which branch of government gained power from Marbury v. Madison?
Judicial branch
Why did Napoleon decide to sell the Louisiana Territory?
He needed money and could no longer defend the territory
How did the Alien and Sedition Acts reflect Federalist fears?
Federalists feared immigrants and political opposition would weaken the government
What was the Barbary War?
International conflict with Northern Africa
What law stopped American trade with foreign countries to avoid war?
Embargo of 1807
What did Adams do to attempt to maintain Federalist influence?
By appointing Federalist judges before Jefferson took office
Why did Jefferson want the Louisiana Territory?
Mississippi river
Why did Adams make the decision to avoid a full war with France?
It preserved peace, protected the economy, and set a precedent for diplomacy over war
Why did many Americans view the Alien and Sedition Acts as unconstitutional?
They violated First Amendment rights
Evaluate one success and one failure of Jefferson’s foreign policy.
Success: Louisiana Purchase; Failure: Embargo of 1807
Explain how Marbury v. Madison strengthened the system of checks and balances.
It allowed courts to limit unconstitutional actions by Congress and the president
Analyze how the Haitian Revolution indirectly shaped U.S. expansion
It led to the Louisiana Purchase, doubling U.S. territory and accelerating westward expansion