Darwin's Ideas
Natural Selection
A
A
Natural Selection
B
B
Natural Selection
C
C
Natural Selection
D
D
100
Process by which organisms change over time as those with traits best suited to an environment pass their traits to the next generation
Natural Selection
100
Yellow beetles and green beetles live in the rainforest canopy which is mostly green. Which phenotype would you expect to be favored for survival?
green
100
What process goes by the phrase "survival of the fittest"?
What is Natural Selection?
100
the type of selection shown in the graph below
disruptive selection
100
True or False: Bacteria evolving to become resistant to antibiotics is an example of natural selection.
True
200
What are two things that organisms in a population compete for?
Food, Space, Mates
200
Does the picture below represent the population of Peppered Moths before or after the Industrial Revolution in England? 
Before
200
Does natural selection typically take a long time or a short time?
It can be either! Bacteria evolve quickly because they reproduce so quickly - other organisms may evolve very slowly
200
Over hundreds of years, farmers have chosen certain traits of the wild mustard plant to produce broccoli, cauliflower, kale, and cabbage plants. This is an example of
artificial selection
200
Rock Pocket mice are an example of this
evolution by natural selection, disruptive selection (only have light or dark fur; very few individuals have "medium" fur
300
What is a change in a gene that results in a new trait?
a mutation
300
True or False: Darwin observed that many species produce more offspring than can survive.
True
300
The process by which humans use selective breeding to change a species
artificial selection
300
This term is defined as a group of organisms that have similar appearances, behavior, and genes and only breed with each other
species
300
A horse and a donkey can breed and produce a mule (which is infertile). Is a horse the same species as a donkey? why or why not?
They are NOT the same species; they have different numbers of chromosomes and even though they can breed and produce offspring, the offspring themselves are NOT fertile
400
A TRAIT that helps an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment
an Adaptation
400
What would happen if an environment changes drastically and none of the organisms in the environment have favorable adaptations?
Extinction
400
After traveling to the Galapagos Islands, Darwin noticed a lot of variation among beak sizes in Finches. This variation was a result of:
Different adaptations in beak size being selected for on different islands, based on the foods they ate.
400
Can an organism "CHOOSE" to evolve and change within their lifetime?
No, organisms CANNOT CHOOSE to change their genes or traits!
400
Natural selection favors traits that _________ an organism's fitness in its environment
increase
500
Many organisms die before they can _________.
reproduce
500
The range of traits that exist in a population is ...
variation
500
____________ plays a major role in natural selection.
Adaptation
500
This type of selection occurs when female birds choose male birds with the brightest colored feathers
Directional selection OR sexual selection
500
TRUE or FALSE: The Peppered Moth in England evolved in response to climate change/global warming.
False. They evolved in response to the darkening of the trees they rested on, due to pollution from factories.