The basics ADHD
Define ADHD
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Innatentive Signs and symptoms
What would the health care provider do first prior to making a diagnosis?
Rule out any other diagnosis that mimic ADHD
Methylphenidate (Ritalin) is prescribed to an 8-year-old child for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The nurse will most likely monitor which of the following during the medication therapy?
A. Deep tendon reflex.
B. Intake and output.
C. Temperature and breath sound.
D. Height and weight.
D. Height and Weight
Can a child less than 6 years of age receive mediation as treatment?
No - not indicated for younger children have more side effects and long term effects have not been well studied
What two chemical imbalances in your brain are noted with ADHD?
1. Dopamine
2. Norepinephrine
Exposure to _______ at a young age is a risk factor for ADHD
Lead
Does a checklist/questionnaire diagnose the child?
No, it helps aid in diagnosis and collect data
Nurse Daya, a school nurse, is meeting with the school and health treatment team about a child who has been receiving methylphenidate (Ritalin) two (2) months. The meeting is to evaluate the results of the child’s medication use. Which behavior change noted by the teacher will help determine the medication’s effectiveness.
A. Decreased repetitive behaviors
B. Decreased Anxiety
C. Increased depressed mood
D. Increased ability to concentrate on tast
Yes - it is most effective in young children when it is delivered by the parents.
What age is ADHD the most noticeable?
School Age
False
If they are less than 16 years old how many signs and symptoms should they have according to the DSM5 criteria?
6 or more
A nurse may encounter children with mental disorders. Her knowledge of these various disorders is vital. When planning school interventions for a child with a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, a guide to remember is to:
A. Provide as much structure as possible for the child.
B Ignore the child’s overactivity.
C Encourage the child to engage in any play activity to dissipate energy.
D Remove the child from the classroom when disruptive behavior occurs.
A. Provide as much structure as possible for the child
Name interventions to help in school.
Extra time on test
Instructions/assignments tailored to the child
allowing breaks/time to move around
Changing the environment to limit distractions
Extra help with staying organized
Which neurotransmitter is involved in risk-taking, impulsivity, and mood?
Which neurotransmitter is involved in attention, arousal, and mood?
1. Dopamine
2. Norepinephrine
Name Some risk factors for ADHD
Enviromental Toxins
Genectics
Brain Injuries
Low Birth Weight
Cigarette smoking/alcohol use/drug use - during pregnancy
Premature delivery
DSM5 Guide
The school nurse assesses Brook, a child newly diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which of the following symptoms are characteristic of the disorder? Select all that apply.
A. Constant fidgeting and squirming
B. Excessive fatigue and somatic complaints
C. Difficulty paying attention to details
D. Easily distracted
E. Running away
F. Talking constantly, even when inappropriate
A C D F
Name interventions to help a child with ADHD
- Stay on a routine
- Keep them organized
- Manage distractions
- Limit Choices
- Be clear and specific with the child
- Plan with the child
- Use goals/rewarding system
Yes
overlook miss details/ easily distracted/ fidgeting and squirming while seated, looses schoolwork, and blurts out answers
Combination of inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive
The child has 7 signs and symptoms of adhd
Its been going on for 6 months
Present at school
Interferes with learning daily in school
Does he have ADHD according to DSM5
NO - Has to be present in two or more settings.
Stimulants work to improve ADHD symptoms by:
A. decreasing the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine.
B. increasing the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine
C. decreasing the levels of norepinephrine and increasing the levels of dopamine.
B. Increasing the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine
Zinc controls _____ within the brain.
Name some examples of zinc-rich foods.
Foods: Seeds (Pumpkin, sunflower, etc)
Legumes (chickpeas, lentils, beans, peanuts)
Nuts (Cashews, and almonds)
Eggs - whole grains
Potatoes