Enlightenment and Revolution
This Enlightenment idea says rulers have authority only because the people allow it.
What is consent of the governed?
Before 1789, French society was divided into these three social classes.
What are the Three Estates?
This country industrialized first because it had coal, investment money, waterways, and political stability.
What is Great Britain?
This belief holds that people who share language, culture, or history should have loyalty to the same nation.
What is nationalism?
This reform movement transformed Japan into a modern industrial and military power.
What is the Meiji Restoration?
John Locke argued people are born with these rights, including life, liberty, and property.
What are natural rights?
The attack on this Paris fortress became a symbol of resistance to royal power.
What is the Bastille?
This term describes the movement of people from rural areas into cities for work.
What is urbanization?
This Prussian leader used diplomacy and war to unify Germany.
Who is Otto von Bismarck?
Qing China weakened under foreign pressure and repeated outbreaks of this internal problem.
What is internal unrest?
A ruler says his authority comes from God and should not be questioned. This belief is called this.
What is divine right?
This phase of the French Revolution used executions and fear to defend the revolution from enemies.
What is the Reign of Terror?
This source of energy powered many early factories, trains, and machines.
What is steam power?
This Italian nationalist helped unite southern Italy and supported unification.
Who is Giuseppe Garibaldi?
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand took place in this tense region of southeastern Europe.
What is the Balkans?
This thinker argued that government should be divided into separate branches to prevent abuse of power.
Who is Montesquieu?
Napoleon is known for this legal code, which strengthened equality before the law for men and protected property rights.
What is the Napoleonic Code?
Industrialization led to the growth of this class of wage-earning factory workers.
What is the urban working class?
Industrialized countries wanted colonies for raw materials, new markets, and this kind of global advantage.
What is strategic advantage?
This system caused a conflict between a few countries to grow into a continent-wide war in 1914.
What is the alliance system?
This document announced that the American colonies were separating from Britain and explained their reasons.
What is the Declaration of Independence?
Napoleon gained power in France through this sudden seizure of political control.
What is a coup d’état?
Rapid industrial growth often created this major city problem, with crowded housing and unhealthy conditions.
What is overcrowding?
This meeting set rules for European powers as they divided Africa without African representation.
What is the Berlin Conference?
Germany’s unrestricted submarine warfare and this secret message to Mexico pushed the United States closer to war.
What is the Zimmermann Telegram?