Pathologies
Triggered by an abrupt withdrawal of steroids or a stressful event, this condition presents with hypotension, hypovolemia, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and hypoglycemia
What is Addisonian Crisis?
A patient presents with acanthosis nigrans, HTN, and a buffalo hump. You do this test because you suspect Cushing's
What is Dexamethasone Suppression?
This medication is the TOC for a patient presenting with palpitations, headaches, and excessive sweating
What is Phenoxybenzamine or Phentolamine?
This is the MC type of thyroid cancer
What is Papillary?
This is the first line medication for DM2 and works to decrease hepatic glucose production. AE include GI issues, vitamin B12 deficiency, and lactic acidosis
What is Metformin?
The MC exogenous cause of this disease is longterm high-dose glucocorticoid use
What is Cushing's?
A 72 y/o F with PMH of hypothyroidism presents in a coma and appears to be bradycardic, hypothermic, hypovolemic, hypotensive, hyponatremic, and hypoglycemic. Her TSH is increased on labs
What is Myxedema coma?
A patient with cold skin, constipation, and weight gain that has increased TSH and decreased free T4 or T3 should be treated with this medication
What is Levothyroxine?
This type of cancer often metastasizes distally
What is Follicular?
This medication stimulates the release of pancreatic beta cells and can adversely cause hypoglycemia
What is Glipizide or Glimeperide?
Adrenal aldosteronism, also called this syndrome, is characterized as HTN, hypokalemia, and metabolic acidosis
What is Conn Syndrome?
A 37 y/o M presents to his PCP with proptosis, exopthalamus, and lesions on his lower legs. One xam, he has a thyroid bruit. His labs suggest decreased TSH and decreased T4. You are concerned for Grave's disease, which is treated primarily with this medication
What is radioactive iodine?
An untreated thyrotoxicosis episode after a precipitating event leading to tachycardia, hot skin, palpitations, and increased T4 should be treated with this medication(s)
What is fluids + Propranolol + PTU + IV steroids?
This type of cancer increases calcitonin
What is medullary?
What is <70/dL?
This "state" is defined by insulin deficiency and excess hormone and presents most commonly in DM2 after an infection
Hint: glucose will be >600
What is Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State?
A radiology tech presents to her PCP with a thyroid mass. You are most concerned for what type of thyroid cancer, which is treated with a thyroidectomy and following Levothyroxine lifelong therapy
What is Papillary?
This is the treatment regimen for a patient presenting with polyuria, polydipsia, fruity breath, and Kussmaul's respirations
What is SIPS?
Saline, Insulin, Potassium repletion, and search for cause
This type of cancer is the most aggressive, rapidly progressing form with a "rock hard" mass on exam
What is anaplastic?
If a patient is hypoglycemic and stable, this amount of glucose should be give orally through juice or candy
What is 15-20g?
This pathology typically presents with stones, GI groans, psychiatric moans, and decreased DTRs
What is hyperpatathyroidism?
What is Bromocriptine or Cabergoline?
Most common following a thyroidectomy or a state of hypomagnesemia, this condition can cause muscle contractions and will present on labs with hypocalcemia, hypoparathyroid, and hyperphosphatemia
What is hypoparathyroidism?
In general, you are more concerned for these "temperature" nodules
What are cold nodules?
This is the first line medication for a patient presenting with new onset polydipsia, polyuria, nocturia, and CNS symptoms of hypernatremia
What is Desmopressin?