Alpha Agonists
What impact would an alpha-1 agonist have on vascular smooth muscle?
Vasoconstriction
What is the general effect of alpha-1 blockers?
Reducing peripheral resistance / vasodilation
What diseases would a beta-2 agonist treat?
Asthma
COPD
What is the general effect of a beta-1 blocker?
Reduces sympathetic stimulation of the heart
What does amphetamine treat?
ADHD
Narcolepsy
What is the side effect / risk of norepinephrine?
Reflex bradycardia
What 3 places in the body do alpha-2 antagonists act on?
1. CNS
2. Vascular smooth muscle
3. Eye (ciliary epithelium)
What effect does a beta-1 agonist have on the kidneys?
Increases renin production (increases BP)
Name 2 beta-2 antagonists
Carvedilol and labetalol
What is the difference between norepinephrine and epinephrine?
Norepinephrine: primary effect as alpha-1 agonist; increases both systolic and diastolic BP
Epinephrine: primary effect as a beta-1 agonist and beta-2 agonist; causes increased systolic pressure but decreased diastolic pressure
What 4 places in the body do alpha-1 agonists act on?
1. Vascular smooth muscle
2. Nasal mucosa
3. Bladder/prostate
4. Eye conjunctiva and dilator muscles
Which alpha antagonist is NON- competitive and treats hypertension in pheochromocytoma?
Phenoxybenzamine
What 3 places in the body do beta-1 agonists act on?
1. SA node
2. AV node
3. Kidney
What 6 places in the body do beta-2 antagonists act on?
1. Bronchial smooth muscle
2. Uterine smooth muscle
3. Vascular smooth muscle
4. Skeletal muscle
5. Liver
6. Eye
Which drug is an agonist at the beta-3 receptor and treats urinary incontinence?
Mirabegron
What is the only alpha-2 agonist on the drug chart that we learned?
Clonidine
A man is given a drug that inhibits the synthesis of norepinephrine. Which response would result from this treatment?
a. Diarrhea
b. Bronchodilation
c. Renin secretion
d. Decreased heart rate
e. Salivation
d. Decreased heart rate
Name 2 beta-2 agonist drugs that treat asthma
Albuterol and salmeterol
Name a selective drug would you give to treat hypertension (only works at beta-1)
Atenolol or metoprolol (selective beta-1 blockers)
Metyrosine
What does phenylephrine (alpha-1 agonist) treat?
Nasal congestion
What is the condition that the alpha-1 antagonist "doxazosin" treats?
Benign prostatic hypertrophy
Name the 3 effects of beta-1 agonists and the 3 effects of beta-2 agonists
Beta-1 agonists: increase HR, increase myocardial contractility, increase renin
Beta-2 agonists: vasodilation, decrease peripheral resistance, bronchodilation
Which 2 diseases would a beta-2 antagonist treat?
Esophageal varices
Hypertension
What is the fancy term for the effect of increasing the HR? (hint: it is an effect of beta-1 agonists)
Chronotropic effect
Beta-1 agonist at SA node causes chronotropic effect: increases HR