Exam 1
Four classic clinical manifestations of an intestinal obstruction
What are abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, abdominal distention, and constipation?
The person on the perioperative team responsible for obtaining informed consent
One measures cardiac rhythm and the other is used to diagnose a heart attack (myocardial infarction)
What is a main difference in purpose between telemetry monitoring and a 12-lead ECG (EKG)?
The best biomarker for diagnosis of an acute MI
What is troponin?
The general term used to describe a group of cancers of the blood and blood-forming tissues
What is leukemia?
The lab test that reflects the average blood glucose level over the last 2-3 months
What is a (glycosylated) hemoglobin A1C?
The two best indicators of fluid volume status for which nurses can assess, even without a physician order
What are daily weight and accurate intake & output?
The normal rate of electrical impulses that the sinoatrial (SA) node creates every minute
What is 60-100?
The two primary risk factors for heart failure
What are hypertension and coronary artery disease?
These include early aggressive mobilization, mechanical compression stockings or devices, and/or anticoagulant drug therapy
What are evidence-based best-practices to prevent venous thromboembolism (VTE)/deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) in hospitalized patients?
Elevated systolic blood pressure with decreasing diastolic blood pressure, bradycardia, irregular respirations
What is Cushing’s Triad when evaluating head injury?
A type of immobilization used for a short period of time prior to surgical fixation of a fractured hip
What is Buck’s traction?
A medication commonly given to treat symptomatic bradycardia
What is atropine?
The most life-threatening complication of pericarditis
What is cardiac tamponade leading to a severe decrease in cardiac output?
The criteria/variables often used to assess for sepsis (at least 3)
What are suspected or confirmed infection, temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure, mental status change, latest WBC, increased need for supplemental oxygen?
The three etiologies of diabetes insipidus
What is neurogenic, nephrogenic, and primary?
The blood test used most often to evaluate for a pulmonary embolism
What is a D-Dimer?
The only two cardiac rhythms that require (per best-practice guidelines) immediate defibrillation to treat
What are pulseless ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation?
An atypical symptom of a myocardial infarction (MI) experienced more by women, patients with diabetes, and older adults
What is shortness of breath? (Could also be “discomfort”, weakness, nausea, indigestion, fatigue, confusion, or dizziness)
The initial drug of choice (including most appropriate route) to treat an anaphylactic reaction
What is epinephrine given intramuscular (IM)?
The steps involved in the "Rule of 15" hypoglycemic management plan
What is have the patient eat 15g of simple carbohydrate and then recheck the blood glucose in 15 minutes?
Is acetaminophen an NSAID?
No
Type of drug therapy used to prevent complications, such as stroke, from chronic atrial fibrillation
What is anticoagulant therapy such as warfarin, dabigatran (Pradaxa), apixaban (Eliquis), rivaroxaban (Xarelto)?
The first-line treatment for a patient experiencing a ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)
What is percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary revascularization via cardiac catheterization and stent placement?
A life-threatening decrease in platelets that develops 5-10 days after initiation of a specific anticoagulant medication
What is heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)?