What is (1)Holosystolic (2)Blowing (3)High Pitched?
100
Inflammation of the percardium; can be acute or chronic
What is Pericarditis?
100
Enlarged RV dimension in presence of PE
What is 27 mm or > in end-diastole?
100
Pericarditis, often associated with a pericardial effusion after myocardial infarction
What is Dressler's Syndrome?
200
Hall mark finding of Rheumatic MS
What is Hockey Stick Leaflet Appearance?
200
Measures MR jet flow convergence
What is PISA?
200
Characteristics of a moderate pericardial effusion
What is (1) 200-500 mL (2) 0.5 - 2.0 cm (3) Circumferential?
200
RV free wall hypokinesis and normal/hyperdynamic apex
What is McConnell's Sign?
200
Represents a hemodynamic significance in coronary artery stenosis
What is 70% or greater stenosis of a coronary artery?
300
Calculate MVA via PHT
What is 220/PHT = MVA?
300
Finding of severe MR via Pulmonary Vein Doppler
What is Systolic Flow Reversal?
300
Symptoms of Pericardial Effusion
What is chest pain, shortness of breath, increased HR
300
Reduction in caliber of pulmonary vasculature OR increase in pulmonary venous flow
What is Etiologies of PHTN?
300
The papillary muscle more likely to experience rupture with an acute MI
What is the posteromedial papillary muscle? (Single vessel supply vs. anterolateral with dual blood supply.)
400
Characteristics of MS Murmur
What is (1)Mid-Diastolic (2)Opening Snap (3)Diastolic Rumble?
400
What arrhythmia can occur with severe MR?
What is Atrial Fibrillation 2/2 LAE?
400
Increases in velocity during inspiration greater than 25% with respiratory variation
What is Tricuspid Valve?
400
Mid-systolic notching on M-Mode and Doppler interrogation of the pulmonic valve
What is the "Flying W" sign of PHTN?
400
Doppler-derived SV of the RVOT / Doppler-derived SV of the LVOT
What is Qp/Qs Ratio? Utilize to quantify significance of shunt. Example-- VSD after AMI...
500
Parachute MV + Supravalvar MV Ring + Subvalvar AS + AoCoarctation
What is Shone's Anomaly?
500
In the absence of Mitral Stenosis, the E-Wave of the MV Inflow may exceed this in cases of severe MR
What is 1.2 m/s?
500
Procedure using TEE guidance to remove pericardial fluid from the epicardial space
What is pericardiocentesis
500
Reversal of intracardiac shunt secondary to severe PHTN
What is Eisenmenger's Syndrome?
500
Thought to result from a perforation of the endo-/myo-/epi-cardial layers allowing blood to flow freely into an outpouching of scarred tissue connected to the ventricle via a small stalk; represents a surgical emergency