Assessment
what is the #1 biggest contributor to lung disease?
smoking
Name two differences between allergic rhinitis and viral rhinitis.
allergic rhinitis - seasonal or year round, associated with exposure to airborne particles, food, or medications
viral rhinitis - contagious, early fall and spring, low temperature, chills, headache and muscle aches, cold sores
what is the term for a rapid onset of asthma symptoms that are severe, persistent, and don't respond to conventional therapy?
status asthmaticus
Name 2 nursing actions that are preventative against pulmonary emboli.
exercises to avoid venous stasis, early ambulation, SCDs, ted hose, anticoagulants
How often do you encourage a patient to use the incentive spirometer?
10 times an hour while awake
When assessing cyanosis in a patient with dark skin, where should you look?
tongue and lips (mucous membranes)
what chronic upper respiratory disorder is characterized by loud snoring, frequent awakening at night, and excessive daytime sleepiness?
obstructive sleep apnea
what preexisting health issue is the strongest risk factor for developing asthma?
allergies
What respiratory issue are you protecting a patient from when you don't let a patient with swallowing issues use a straw?
aspiration --> aspiration pneumonia
Which lower respiratory problem is characterized by PINK FROTHY SPUTUM?
pulmonary edema
For patients with COPD, the goal is to maintain a pulse oximetry level above what %?
> 90%
what upper respiratory disease is most commonly associated with GERD?
laryngitis
Name the chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder that is characterized by TOO much lung compliance (loss of elastic recoil)
emphysema
Your patient arrived in the ED 3 days ago and has been intubated since. What type of pneumonia are they most at risk for?
ventilator-associated pneumonia
Your patient is experiencing hemoptysis. Name two things that differentiate blood from the lungs and blood from the stomach.
blood from the lungs - bright red, may be frothy or mixed with sputum, ph>7
blood from the stomach - may be mixed with food, usually much darker and often referred to as "coffee ground emesis," ph<7
What is the measure of the amount of air a person inhales with each normal breath?
tidal volume
What complication of tonsillitis results in severe sore throat, fever, drooling, and inability to open the mouth?
peritonsillar abscess
what respiratory disorder is defined as a chronic, irreversible dilation of the bronchi and bronchioles?
bronchiectasis
Name 3 signs/symptoms of a pulmonary embolus.
sudden chest pain, tachypnea/dyspnea, tachycardia, cough, diaphoresis, hemoptysis, syncope, anxiety, fever, jugular vein distention
In an elderly patient with a bacterial lung infection, what nutrient is MOST important to increase in their diet?
protein
oxygen is transported to the cells of the body by combining with WHAT?
hemoglobin
bacterial pharyngitis is most commonly caused by what bacteria?
group A beta-hemolytic streptococci (strep throat)
chronic bronchitis is diagnosed by what TWO symptoms for at least 3 months at a time for 2 consecutive years?
cough and sputum
What is the condition caused by air trapped in the pleural space, putting pressure on the lungs?
tension pneumothorax
People who are immunocompromised or over the age of 65 can get a vaccine for what respiratory illness?
pnuemonia