Pronunciation
Units 1-4
Units 5-8
Units 9-10
Wildcard
100
What is a syllable? How many syllables are there in the word "simultaneously."
What is: a unit of pronunciation having one vowel sound, with or without surrounding consonants, forming the whole or a part of a word; the "beat" of a word; 6.
100
What are the four stages to opening a presentation? Give two example techniques for opening a presentation and two example techniques for closing a presentation.
What is: Attention, Benefit, Credibility, Direction (ABCDs). Opening - give a problem or puzzle, surprising fact or statistic; quote someone well-known; show a photo, video, or news headline; tell a joke, story, or anecdote; explode a popular myth; ask a question, to raise their hand, or talk to a neighbor. Closing - dramatic summary, famous last words (wisdom), call for action, heart-felt message (emotion).
100
Say the following five figures correctly using the conventions we discussed in class: (1) $911,677,803, (2) ¥23 tr; (3) 22 cc; (4) 101 sqm; (5) 0.01%
What is: (1) nine hundred eleven million, six hundred seventy seven thousand, eight hundred and three dollars; (2) twenty-three trillion yen; (3) twenty-two cubic centimeters; (4) 101 square meters/miles; (5) point oh-one percent.
100
Provide a more exaggerated adjective for each the following neutral adjectives as you would when storytelling in a presentation: frightening, surprising, exciting, strange, difficult.
What is: terrifying, shocking / astounding, thrilling, bizzare, impossible.
100
Define "small talk." Give three examples of acceptable topics for small talk and three examples of taboo topics for small talk.
What is: polite conversation about unimportant or uncontroversial matters, especially as engaged in during social occasions. Acceptable topics: weather, what people "do", current physical surroundings, and shared past experiences. Unacceptable topics: politics, religion, and personal details.
200
What is the pronunciation difference between the two "th" sounds in English (ϴ and ð)? Give one example of each sound.
What is: /ϴ/ is voiceless, e.g., teeth and /ð/ is voiced, e.g., teethe.
200
Define signpost language and link phrases. Give an example of each.
What is: Signpost language - language that helps the audience understand and navigate through where you are going in your presentation. Ex. I'm going to start off by outlining our main goals today/giving you a brief overview/asking you a question. Link phrases - phrases that connect your ideas together. Ex. cause-effect, effect, cause, action-purpose, point-contrast, point-addition, point-specification.
200
What is the "hands problem" in terms of body language? Give two examples of ideal body language and two examples of NOT ideal body language during a presentation.
What is: The importance of hands in presentations since certain gestures can be distracting, indicate different things, and convey qualities about the presenter. Ex. Ideal - counting points on fingers, power pose, arms/hands open; NOT ideal - arms crossed, hands in pockets, hands on hips, pen clicking, playing with clothing.
200
What are the five tips we discussed for storytelling in a presentation?
What is: (1) start and end with stories; (2); tell your story first, then your facts; (3); change reported speech to direct speech; (4) use the present tense to create more impact; (5) exaggerate with adjectives.
200
Define soundscripting. Provide an example sentence that could be from a presentation and how you might use soundscripting to increase your voice power when delivering it.
What is: marking aspects of voice quality in your presentation, e.g., underlining stressed words, marking pauses with |, and marking intonation with up/down arrows.
300
Give examples of minimal pairs for s/z and sh/ch. What is the main difference between both sets of sounds?
What is: price/prize and shoe/chew. s/z differ by voicing and sh/ch differ by type of airflow (sh = fricative; ch = affricate, i.e., fricative + stop).
300
Name 12 potential presentation parts (parts that go within the body structure of your presentation) that we discussed in class.
What is: benefits, comparison, data, features, truth, implications, issues, options, popular myth, potential objections, projections, pros and cons.
300
What are the four tips we discussed for rapport building in a presentation?
What is: (1) change "I" and "you" to "we"; (2) use tag questions; (3), rephrase controversial statements as negative questions; (4) use humor.
300
What are the two strategies we discussed for planning ahead for the Q&A session?
What is: (1) making a list of the possible questions the audience might ask; (2) identifying the key themes.
300
Use power language to replace the following adjectives and verbs and inject enthusiasm into your presentation: great, bad, good, big, pretty.
What is: fabulous, mischievous, exciting, enormous, gorgeous.
400
What is the Short Vowel Rule? Give an example.
What is: When there is one vowel in a word, either at the beginning or between two consonants, it usually has the short vowel sound. CVC, VC, and VCC. Ex. cat.
400
What is realia? Define it and name two examples of realia we discussed in class.
What is: objects and materials from everyday life, especial when used as teaching aids. Ex. Steve Jobs illustrating thinness of laptop by putting it in a a mailing envelope, connecting the tiny jeans pocket and the iPod Nano.
400
Provide: (1) three verbs you can use to describe trends when presenting data and (2) three modifiers you can use to give your audience an idea of the scale, speed, and significance of the trends you are describing.
What is: (1) increase, decrease / decline, rise, fall, zig-zag, peak, went up / down, continue, curve; (2) substantial, disappointing, massive, rapid, encouraging, slight, marked, alarming, modest, huge, moderate, tremendous, disastrous, sudden, significant, fantastic, sharp, enormous, gradual, steady, marginal, considerable, dramatic.
400
What is the D8 system for dealing with different types of questions in the Q&A session? Choose one question type and tell what D8 strategy or combination of strategies you could use to handle it.
What is: Deal, Define, Defuse, Divide, Deflect, Defer, Disarm, and Decline.
400
How many s-clusters did we discuss in class? Provide an example of each. What two strategies did we learn for pronouncing s-clusters?
What is: S-clusters - st/str/sm/sn/sl/sk/sp/spl/spr/sw (10). Sin pronunciation trick and pronouncing *each sound* in the s-cluster.
500
Name two Long Vowel Rules and provide examples of each one.
What is: VC(silent e); (C)VVC – two vowels together; y/ey at the end of a word; ei/ie together (i before e except after c); oi/oy together; ou/ow together.
500
Define the 666 rule and the 10-20-30 rule for designing visual aids.
What is: 666 rule - <6 words per bullet point, <6 bullets per slide, <6 bullet-point slides in a row. 10-20-30 rule - 10 slides, 20 minutes, >/= 30 pt. font size.
500
What are five techniques for making an impact in presentations? Provide an example of each.
What is: (1) the James Bond technique; (2) the Mantra technique; (3) the Alliteration technique; (4) using rhetorical questions; (5) grouping points into three; (6) using simple contrasts and opposites; (7) using power language; (8) using metaphors.
500
What are the six types of questions in the Q&A session that we discussed in class? Define and describe each one.
What is: (1) good question - asks for more info, raises an interesting related issue; (2) difficult question - asks something very technical, perhaps an exact figure; (3) off-topic question - asks about something that has no connection with the talk; (4) unnecessary question - asks for something that the presenter has already mentioned; (5) multiple question - asks 2-3 separate questions at the same time; (6) hostile question - asks something that contradicts the presenter or questions their credibility.
500
In your team's opinion, what are the most useful three units about oral presentation skills that we have covered in class? Why? (You may discuss first to reach a consensus.)
What is: Answers will vary!
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