Cancer
These cancers form from epithelial tissues
What are carcinomas?
These cytoskeletal filaments are unpolarized and form many levels of overlapping subunits
What are intermediate filaments
Cell-cell junction that connects to intermediate filaments
What is a desmosome?
These proteins are regulated by GEFs and GAPs
What are small GTPases? (Rho GTPase)
Technique where proteins are transferred to a blot and detected by an antibody
What is a western blot?
These cancer causing genes are typically caused by a gain of function mutation
What are oncogenes?
This cytoskeletal filament forms stress fibers
What is F-actin?
Cell junction that contains E-cadherin
What is an adherens junction?
These important cellular components have polar heads and nonpolar tails
What are phospholipids?
Dye used to detect F-actin in fixed cells
What is phalloidin?
This gene is mutated or lost in up to 50% of tumors
What is p53?
This property of microtubules allows the filament to suddenly go from growing to shrinking (and back)
What is dynamic instability?
This junction creates a barrier that prevents movement of materials between cells
What is a tight junction?
These large protein assemblies (complexes) are found at the centromere and help attach chromosomes to microtubules
What are kinetochores?
This type of "graph" shows the movement of some cellular feature or object over time
What is a kymograph?
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) is caused by this
What is fusion of bcr-abl? (Philadelphia chromosome)
This cytoskeletal filament often grows from an organizing center in the cell
What is a microtubule?
This adhesion protein forms heterodimers and can be activated by "inside-out" or "outside-in" signaling
What are integrins?
This modification to unfolded proteins acts as a "timer" to determine if a protein should be degraded by the proteasome or continue to be folded
What is glycosylation? (mannose, glucose, N-linked)
Technique used to image cells at very high resolution including ribosomes
What is electron microscopy? (EM, TEM, SEM, CryoEM)
This cancer-specific phenomenon occurs when tumors begin to rewire glycolysis and stop relying on oxidative phosphorylation
What is the Warburg effect?
This motor protein binds to F-actin and itself can form bundles that can contract
What is myosin? (non-muscle myosin II, muscle myosin, myosin II)
This junction forms when 6 connexins on each cell come together to form a small pore
What is a gap junction?
This matrix protein forms a triple stranded helix, provides tensile strength, and is a major component of tendons
What is collagen?
Technique that uses a donor fluorophore and acceptor fluorophore to detect how close two proteins are, or if a protein is activated (e.g., ERK, Rho GTPase)
What is FRET?