Compound Schedules of Reinforcement
This schedule of reinforcement occurs when 2 or more contingencies of reinforcement operate independently and simultaneously for two or more behaviors. Each schedule is correlated with a SD. The learner makes a choice among the concurrently available events.
Concurrent Schedule
According to Dr. Boutot (and the research), use caution with the alone condition when ___ is a suspected function of the challenging behavior?
Attention
A presumption by all scientists that the universe is a lawful and orderly place in which all phenomena occur as the result of other events.
Determinism
Required element in a single subject design in which the independent variable is reasonably and repeatedly demonstrated control over the dependent variable.
Functional relation
This behavior analytic concept essentially asserts that "behavior goes where reinforcement flows"
Matching Law
Provides an opportunity for reinforcement on two or more simultaneously available basic schedules of reinforcement. The first schedule completed provides reinforcement, regardless of which schedule component is met first; either produces reinforcement.
Alternative Schedule
PFA
Requires that all simple, logical explanations for the phenomenon under investigation be ruled out, experimentally or conceptually, before more complex or abstract explanations are considered.
Parsimony
The most basic of the single case designs, used for demonstration studies, which cannot or should not be used for all dependent variables.
ABAB, Withdrawal, or Reversal
The _____ (conditioned motivating operant) signals the bettering or (more commonly) worsening of the situation for the organism. What does it stand for?
CMO-R; Reflexive
This schedule is in effect whenever reinforcement follows the completion of response requirements for two or more schedules of reinforcement; both must be met for reinforcement to be delivered.
Conjunctive Schedule
Latency-based FA
An assumption and attitude of science which is the practice of objective observation and measurement of the phenomena of interest.
Empiricism
A commonly used single subject design in published research, name the design pictured (Dr. B to show you the picture now, please hold)
Multiple Baseline across Subjects
The third of the derived stimulus relations, representing that if A=B and B=C, then A=C. ______ has __ total relations?
Transitive, 6
Operates like a chained schedule except that SD are not used.
Tandem
For this type of FA, the practitioner intersperses the conditions throughout the classroom activities as they normally occur. Each presentation consists of two components, each lasting 1 minutes. The first component consists of presenting the establishing operation and contingency for problem behavior (test condition) and the second consists of continuous access to the reinforcer (control condition).
Trial-Based FA
This type of behaviorism, created by Skinner, includes and seeks to understand all human behavior, including private events. It can be distinguished from ________, which holds that only what is observable and measurable is a "behavior".
Radical Behaviorism, Methodological Behaviorism
Used in comparison studies, this design may or may not have a baseline condition, and may or may not have a best treatment condition.
Alternating Treatments Design
A change in the strength of one response that occurs when the rate of reward of a second response, or of the first response under different conditions, is changed.
Behavioral Contrast
Presents two or more basic schedules of reinforcement in an alternating, usually random, sequence. The basic schedules within this schedule occur successively and independently. A SD is correlated with each schedule.
Multiple Schedule
In this type of FA procedure, the practitioner conducts only 1-2 five to ten minute sessions for each condition. To demonstrate function the practitioner can either alternate a condition that produces problem behavior with one that does not, or conduct a contingency reversal. A contingency reversal is when the practitioner first makes the putative reinforcer contingent on one target behavior (challenging behavior), and then on an appropriate replacement behavior.
Brief FA
Selection by consequences during the lifetime of the individual organism is _______, while natural selection in the evolutionary history of a species is _______.
Ontogeny, phylogeny
What type of design is pictured? (Dr. B to show - hold please).
Changing Criterion Design
A behavior change that brings the organism in contact with new environments and additional contingencies (reinforcement).
Behavioral Cusp