Cardiac
What is the normal range for ejection fraction?
40-60%
What is a sign of fully compensated ABG?
Normal pH with abnormal CO2/HCO3
What type of dressing is used for chest tubes?
What are anti-rejection meds given after heart transplant?
Immunosuppressants (e.g., cyclosporine, tacrolimus)
Normal creatinine range?
0.6-1.2mg/dL
Which medication is used to prevent clot formation after valve replacement?
What happens if brain perfusion is impaired?
Ischemia and neurologic deficits
What does a chest x-ray confirm after chest tube placement?
Proper lung re-expansion
Why give antibiotics post-op?
To prevent infection on graft/valves
What condition is caused by lack of blood to the kidneys post-surgery?
Acute tubular necrosis
What is BNP used to assess?
What is used to paralyze patients during ventilation?
Paralytic agents
What is the primary symptom of flail chest?
Paradoxical chest movements
Which anticoagulant is listed for valve replacement?
Eliquis
Why check distal pulses after graft surgery?
To ensure perfusion to extremities
Name one key sign of severe CHF.
JVD, crackles, EF <40%
JVD may indicate what?
Right-sided heart failure affecting perfusion
Why monitor for bubbles in chest drainage?
Make sure lung is healing
What lab should be monitored every 8 hrs with certain meds?
BNP or electrolytes depending on therapy
Which diuretic is commonly given post-op? What electrolyte do we need to monitor?
Lasix (Furosemide); Potassium
What diagnostic test visualizes the left ventricular wall?
Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE)
Urine output less than ___ indicates inadequate kidney function
30mL
What is the purpose of PEEP?
Prevent alveolar collapse -> leads to ARDS
What is albumin given for?
To pull fluid into vessels and improve perfusion