Vowel Sounds
All vowels are _______.
voiced
Consonants can be _____ or _____.
What is the music of language, the way the voice rises (goes up) and falls (goes down) in a phrase or sentence?
intonation
Two words that differ by only one sound is called ______.
minimal pairs
A voiced "s" makes what letter sound?
When vowels are relaxed, they are called ______, whereas when vowels are tense, they are called ______.
short
long
Pronounce these words correctly using the correct "s" ending, then name which ending is used: /s/, /z/, or /ez/.
dishes; cats; dogs
dishEZ
catS
dogZ
In most English words with two syllables (especially nouns), the stress is on the ______ syllable
first
When the last sound of a word is connected to the first sound of the next word, this is called __________.
linking
When your vocal cords are not moving, the sounds are _____.
unvoiced
What is the most common English vowel sound?
Schwa /ə/ vowel
Pronounce these words correctly using the correct "ed" ending, then name which ending is used: /t/, /d/, or /ed/.
cleaned; washed; waited
cleanD
washT
waitED
What is it called when there is a group of words connected both in grammar and pronunciation? To make long sentences easier, we break them into groups by pausing.
phrase groups
Commonly, when "t" is in the middle of the word like "battle", it makes a quick "d" sound. What is this called?
flapped
Which words have an unvoiced /s/ ending:
jumps, enjoys, wears, likes, watches
jumps
likes
Usually when a word ends in a consonant, the vowel before the unvoiced consonant is _____, but the vowel before the voiced consonant is _____ (e.g., "rope" vs. "robe").
short
long
Which word does NOT have the same "h" sound in "how"?
a) who b) when c) hope d) whole
b) when
Which word does NOT have the same "h" sound in "how"?
When an English speaker shortens or eliminates particular sounds, such as "didja" for "did you", it's called_____.
reducing
When a sound has a puff of air, the sound is called _____.
aspirated
Which words have a voiced /th/?
think, together, anything, Thursday, there
together
there
What vowel letters can the "schwa" /ə/ be spelled with?
ALL 5 vowels!
a, e, i, o, u
Which word DOES NOT have the same stress pattern as the others?
a) remember b) tomorrow c) probably d) apartment
c) probably
Which word DOES NOT have the same stress pattern as the others?
Sounds are speech are WHAT you say, whereas features of speech are HOW you say it. Name the 5 speech features we discussed in class.
Stress, phrase groups, intonation, linking, reducing
A quick stop in the breath, commonly used in the /t/ sound at the end of words and does not have a puff of air is called a ________.
glottal stop
The pronunciation of "-s" and "-ed" endings depend on the _____________ the "-s" and "-ed" endings.
a) syllable that comes before
b) syllable that comes after
c) voicing sound that comes before
d) voicing sound that comes after
c): The pronunciation of "-s" and "-ed" endings depend on the voicing sound that comes before the "-s" and "-ed" endings.