Constitutional Foundations
This article of the U.S. Constitution establishes the judicial branch.
What is Article III?
This justice became the first African American on the Supreme Court in 1967.
Who is Thurgood Marshall?
This term refers to the party who brings a case to court.
Who is the plaintiff?
The President appoints justices, but this group must confirm them.
What is the Senate?
The judicial branch has this power to interpret and apply laws in individual cases.
What is judicial interpretation?
The highest court in the United States is called this.
What is the Supreme Court?
This justice was the first woman appointed to the Supreme Court.
Who is Sandra Day O'Connor?
Where the justices have discretion as to whether to hear an appeal, at least four of the Court's members must vote to grant a writ of certiorari, which facilitates a full review on the merits.
What is the Rules of Four?
What can the Judicial Branch do to check Congress?
This type of jurisdiction allows higher courts to review the decisions of lower courts.
What is appellate jurisdiction?
This term refers to the power of courts to declare laws unconstitutional
What is judicial review?
This Chief Justice led the court during the landmark decision in Brown v Board of Education.
Who is Earl Warren?
This type of jurisdiction allows a court to hear a case for the first time.
What is original jurisdiction?
Congress can set the jurisdiction of courts and can amend the Constitution.
How can Congress check the Judicial Branch?
Supreme Court decides how its rulings are enforced and its implementation
What is judicial implementation?
The Constitution requires federal judges to serve for this length of time?
What is for life?
This justice is known for their influence on the court's liberal wing and their long tenure from 1993 to 2020.
Who is Ruth Bader Ginsburg?
Latin for friend of the court
What is amicus curiae?
This law, passed by Congress, determines the number of justices on the Supreme Court.
What is the Judiciary Act?
The Supreme Court uses this order to agree to hear a case from a lower court.
What is a writ of certiorari?
The judicial Power of the United States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both of the supreme and inferior Courts, shall hold their Offices during good Behaviour, and shall, at stated Times, receive for their Services, a Compensation, which shall not be diminished during their Continuance in Office.
What is Article III, Section 1
This Chief Justice presided over the court when it decided Roe v. Wade in 1973.
Who is Warren Burger?
Refers to the practice of applying a narrow, or 'strict', interpretation of the U. S. Constitution or other legal texts
What is the Strict construction approach?
This amendment limits the jurisdiction of federal courts in lawsuits against states.
What is the 11th Amendment?
The principle that courts should follow precedents set by previous decisions is called this.
What is stare decisis?